病毒来源的 siRNA 和 piRNA 在免疫和发病机制中的作用。
Virus-derived siRNAs and piRNAs in immunity and pathogenesis.
机构信息
Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, and Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
出版信息
Curr Opin Virol. 2011 Dec;1(6):533-44. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2011.10.028.
Abstract
Cellular organisms have evolved related pathways for the biogenesis and function of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). These distinct classes of small RNAs guide specific gene silencing at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels by serving as specificity determinants. Small RNAs of virus and host origins have been found to modulate virus–host interactions by RNA interference (RNAi), leading to antiviral immunity or viral pathogenesis. Deep sequencing-based profiling of virus-derived small RNAs as products of host immune recognition not only allowed us to gain insight into the expansion and functional specialization of host factors involved in the antiviral immunity but also made it possible to identify new viruses in a culture-independent manner. Here we review recent developments on the characterization and function of virus-derived siRNAs and piRNAs in eukaryotic hosts.
摘要
细胞生物进化出了相关途径来进行小干扰 RNA（siRNA）、microRNA 和 PIWI 相互作用 RNA（piRNA）的生物发生和功能。这些不同类别的小 RNA 通过作为特异性决定因素，在转录和转录后水平上指导特定基因的沉默。病毒和宿主来源的小 RNA 已被发现通过 RNA 干扰（RNAi）来调节病毒-宿主相互作用，从而导致抗病毒免疫或病毒发病机制。基于深度测序的病毒衍生小 RNA 谱分析作为宿主免疫识别的产物，不仅使我们能够深入了解参与抗病毒免疫的宿主因子的扩展和功能特化，还使我们能够以非培养依赖的方式鉴定新的病毒。在这里，我们综述了真核宿主中病毒衍生的 siRNA 和 piRNA 的特征和功能的最新进展。
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