Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2012 Mar;20(2):134-42. doi: 10.1109/TNSRE.2011.2178864. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
Research on control of human movement and development of tools for restoration and rehabilitation of movement after spinal cord injury and amputation can benefit greatly from software tools for creating precisely timed animation sequences of human movement. Despite their ability to create sophisticated animation and high quality rendering, existing animation software are not adapted for application to neural prostheses and rehabilitation of human movement. We have developed a software tool known as MSMS (MusculoSkeletal Modeling Software) that can be used to develop models of human or prosthetic limbs and the objects with which they interact and to animate their movement using motion data from a variety of offline and online sources. The motion data can be read from a motion file containing synthesized motion data or recordings from a motion capture system. Alternatively, motion data can be streamed online from a real-time motion capture system, a physics-based simulation program, or any program that can produce real-time motion data. Further, animation sequences of daily life activities can be constructed using the intuitive user interface of Microsoft's PowerPoint software. The latter allows expert and nonexpert users alike to assemble primitive movements into a complex motion sequence with precise timing by simply arranging the order of the slides and editing their properties in PowerPoint. The resulting motion sequence can be played back in an open-loop manner for demonstration and training or in closed-loop virtual reality environments where the timing and speed of animation depends on user inputs. These versatile animation utilities can be used in any application that requires precisely timed animations but they are particularly suited for research and rehabilitation of movement disorders. MSMS's modeling and animation tools are routinely used in a number of research laboratories around the country to study the control of movement and to develop and test neural prostheses for patients with paralysis or amputations.
研究人类运动的控制以及为脊髓损伤和截肢后运动恢复和康复而开发的工具，可以极大地受益于用于创建人类运动精确定时动画序列的软件工具。尽管现有的动画软件具有创建复杂动画和高质量渲染的能力，但它们并不适用于神经假体和人类运动康复的应用。我们开发了一种称为 MSMS（肌肉骨骼建模软件）的软件工具，可用于开发人体或假肢以及与之相互作用的物体的模型，并使用来自各种离线和在线源的运动数据来为其运动进行动画处理。运动数据可以从包含合成运动数据的运动文件或运动捕捉系统的记录中读取。或者，可以从实时运动捕捉系统、基于物理的模拟程序或任何可以生成实时运动数据的程序在线流式传输运动数据。此外，还可以使用 Microsoft 的 PowerPoint 软件的直观用户界面构建日常生活活动的动画序列。后者允许专家和非专家用户通过简单地排列幻灯片的顺序并在 PowerPoint 中编辑其属性，将基本运动组合成具有精确定时的复杂运动序列。生成的运动序列可以以开环方式播放，用于演示和培训，或者在闭环虚拟现实环境中播放，其中动画的定时和速度取决于用户输入。这些多功能的动画实用程序可用于任何需要精确定时动画的应用，但特别适合于运动障碍的研究和康复。MSMS 的建模和动画工具在全国许多研究实验室中被常规使用，用于研究运动控制以及为瘫痪或截肢患者开发和测试神经假体。
