Hamlyn Center, Institute of Global Health Innovation, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK.
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Jan;26(1):261-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182185158.
The objective of this study was to determine if salivary free testosterone can predict an athlete's performance during back squats and sprints over time and the influence baseline strength on this relationship. Ten weight-trained male athletes were divided into 2 groups based on their 1 repetition maximum (1RM) squats, good squatters (1RM > 2.0 × body weight, n = 5) and average squatters (1RM < 1.9 × body weight, n = 5). The good squatters were stronger than the average squatters (p < 0.05). Each subject was assessed for squat 1RM and 10-m sprint times on 10 separate occasions over a 40-day period. A saliva sample was collected before testing and assayed for free testosterone and cortisol. The pooled testosterone correlations were strong and significant in the good squatters (r = 0.92 for squats, r = -0.87 for sprints, p < 0.01), but not significant for the average squatters (r = 0.35 for squats, r = -0.18 for sprints). Cortisol showed no significant correlations with 1RM squat and 10-m sprint performance, and no differences were identified between the 2 squatting groups. In summary, these results suggest that free testosterone is a strong individual predictor of squat and sprinting performance in individuals with relatively high strength levels but a poor predictor in less strong individuals. This information can assist coaches, trainers, and performance scientists working with stronger weight-trained athletes, for example, the preworkout measurement of free testosterone could indicate likely training outcomes or a readiness to train at a certain intensity level, especially if real-time measurements are made. Our results also highlight the need to separate group and individual hormonal data during the repeated testing of athletes with variable strength levels.
本研究旨在确定唾液游离睾酮是否可以预测运动员在深蹲和短跑中的表现，以及基础力量对这种关系的影响。10 名经过力量训练的男性运动员根据其 1 次最大重复（1RM）深蹲分为 2 组，优秀深蹲者（1RM > 2.0×体重，n=5）和平均深蹲者（1RM < 1.9×体重，n=5）。优秀深蹲者比平均深蹲者更强壮（p<0.05）。每个受试者在 40 天的时间内进行了 10 次 1RM 深蹲和 10 米短跑测试。在测试前采集唾液样本并测定游离睾酮和皮质醇。优秀深蹲者的睾酮相关性较强且显著（深蹲时 r=0.92，短跑时 r=-0.87，p<0.01），但平均深蹲者的相关性不显著（深蹲时 r=0.35，短跑时 r=-0.18）。皮质醇与 1RM 深蹲和 10 米短跑成绩无显著相关性，且两组深蹲者之间无差异。总之，这些结果表明，游离睾酮是高水平力量个体深蹲和短跑表现的有力个体预测指标，但对力量较弱的个体预测能力较差。这些信息可以帮助教练、培训师和从事力量训练运动员的表现科学家，例如，在训练前测量游离睾酮可以指示可能的训练结果或在特定强度水平下的训练准备情况，特别是如果进行实时测量。我们的结果还强调，在对力量水平不同的运动员进行重复测试时，需要分离组和个体的激素数据。
