Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zographou Campus, PC 157 73, Athens, Greece.
J Hazard Mater. 2012 Mar 30;209-210:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.085. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
This work investigated the removal of metals from wastewater using a combined Membrane Bioreactor-Reverse Osmosis (MBR-RO) system. The concentrate produced by the RO system was treated by a fixed bed column packed with zeolite. The average metal removal accomplished by the MBR treating municipal wastewater was Cu(90%), Fe(85%), Mn(82%), Cr(80%), Zn(75%), Pb(73%), Ni(67%), Mg(61%), Ca(57%), Na(30%) and K(21%), with trivalent and divalent metals being more effectively removed than monovalent ones. The metal removal achieved by the MBR system treating wastewater spiked with Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn (4-12 mg L(-1) of each metal) was Pb(96%)>Cu(85%)>Zn(78%)>Ni(48%). The combined MBR-RO system enhanced metal removal from municipal wastewater to the levels of >90.9->99.8%, while for wastewater spiked with heavy metals the removal efficiencies were >98.4%. Fixed bed column packed with zeolite was effective for the removal of Cu, Pb and Zn from the RO concentrate, while Ni removal was satisfactory only at the initial stages of column operation. The presence of heavy metals increased inorganic fouling.
本工作研究了采用膜生物反应器-反渗透（MBR-RO）联合系统从废水中去除金属。RO 系统产生的浓缩液用沸石填充固定床柱进行处理。MBR 处理城市废水时，平均去除的金属有 Cu（90%）、Fe（85%）、Mn（82%）、Cr（80%）、Zn（75%）、Pb（73%）、Ni（67%）、Mg（61%）、Ca（57%）、Na（30%）和 K（21%），其中三价和二价金属比一价金属更有效地去除。MBR 系统处理含 Cu、Pb、Ni 和 Zn（每种金属 4-12mg/L）的废水时，金属去除率为 Pb（96%）>Cu（85%）>Zn（78%）>Ni（48%）。MBR-RO 联合系统提高了从城市废水中去除金属的效率，达到了 >90.9->99.8%，而对于含重金属的废水，去除效率>98.4%。沸石填充固定床柱对 RO 浓缩液中 Cu、Pb 和 Zn 的去除效果较好，而 Ni 的去除效果仅在柱运行的初始阶段令人满意。重金属的存在增加了无机结垢。
