Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University ofSouth Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
J Nutr. 2012 Feb;142(2):298-305. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.145516. Epub 2012 Jan 5.
Mexican American children are disproportionately affected by obesity. Data on how the acculturation process influences diet and body weight among adolescents are limited. We used the data from the 1999-2004 NHANES, restricting to 2286 Mexican American children between 12 and 19 y old. Acculturation was measured by generation status and language preference. Diet was assessed using 24-h diet recall. Multiple linear, Tobit, logistic, and quantile regression models were used. We found, after adjusting for socio-demographic factors, health, dietary intake, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors compared to the first generation, second and third generations had greater odds of overweight and obesity. Adolescents in the second generation had higher BMI Z-scores than adolescents in the first and third generations. Both second and third generation adolescents consumed less fruit, whole fruit, vegetables, grains, and meats but more sweetened beverages, whole grains, saturated fat, sodium, oil, and energy from discretionary foods. Higher language acculturation was associated with poorer diet and greater body weight. Our findings suggest that Mexican American adolescents face challenges in terms of poorer diet and excessive weight gain associated with their immigration experience.
墨西哥裔美国儿童肥胖的比例不成比例。关于文化适应过程如何影响青少年饮食和体重的数据有限。我们使用了 1999-2004 年 NHANES 的数据，将其限制在 2286 名 12 至 19 岁的墨西哥裔美国儿童中。文化适应程度通过代际地位和语言偏好来衡量。饮食通过 24 小时饮食回忆来评估。使用多元线性、托比特、逻辑和分位数回归模型。在调整了社会人口因素、健康、饮食摄入、体育活动和久坐行为后，与第一代相比，我们发现第二和第三代超重和肥胖的可能性更大。第二代青少年的 BMI Z 分数高于第一代和第三代青少年。第二代和第三代青少年摄入的水果、全水果、蔬菜、谷物和肉类较少，但摄入的含糖饮料、全谷物、饱和脂肪、钠、油和来自可自由支配食物的能量较多。较高的语言文化适应程度与较差的饮食和体重增加有关。我们的研究结果表明，墨西哥裔美国青少年在移民经历方面面临着较差的饮食和体重过度增加的挑战。
