Reininger Belinda, Lee MinJae, Jennings Rose, Evans Alexandra, Vidoni Michelle
1University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,School of Public Health,Brownsville Regional Campus,One West University Blvd,RAHC,Brownsville,TX 78520,USA.
2University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,Houston,TX,USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 May;20(7):1267-1278. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016003311. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
Examine relationships of healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns with BMI, sex, age and acculturation among Mexican Americans.
Cross-sectional. Participants completed culturally tailored Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Indices. Multivariable mixed-effect Poisson regression models compared food pattern index scores and dietary intake of specific foods by BMI, sex, age and acculturation defined by language preference and generational status.
Participants recruited from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort study, Texas-Mexico border region, between 2008 and 2011.
Mexican-American males and females aged 18-97 years (n 1250).
Participants were primarily female (55·3 %), overweight or obese (85·7 %), preferred Spanish language (68·0 %) and first-generation status (60·3 %). Among first-generation participants, bilingual participants were less likely to have a healthy eating pattern than preferred Spanish-speaking participants (rate ratio (RR)=0·79, P=0·0218). This association was also found in males (RR=0·81, P=0·0098). Preferred English-speaking females were less likely to consume healthy foods than preferred Spanish-speaking females (RR=0·84, P=0·0293). Among second-generation participants, preferred English-speaking participants were more likely to report a higher unhealthy eating pattern than preferred Spanish-speaking participants (RR=1·23, P=0·0114). Higher unhealthy eating patterns were also found in females who preferred English v. females who preferred Spanish (RR=1·23, P=0·0107) or were bilingual (RR=1·26, P=0·0159). Younger, male participants were more likely to have a higher unhealthy eating pattern. BMI and diabetes status were not significantly associated with healthy or unhealthy eating patterns.
Acculturation, age, sex and education are associated with healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. Nutrition interventions for Mexican Americans should tailor approaches by these characteristics.
研究墨西哥裔美国人中健康和不健康饮食模式与体重指数（BMI）、性别、年龄及文化适应程度之间的关系。
横断面研究。参与者完成了针对文化定制的健康与不健康饮食指数。多变量混合效应泊松回归模型按BMI、性别、年龄以及由语言偏好和代际状况定义的文化适应程度，比较了食物模式指数得分和特定食物的饮食摄入量。
2008年至2011年期间从得克萨斯州 - 墨西哥边境地区卡梅伦县西班牙裔队列研究中招募的参与者。
年龄在18 - 97岁之间的墨西哥裔美国男性和女性（n = 1250）。
参与者主要为女性（55.3%），超重或肥胖（85.7%），偏好西班牙语（68.0%）且为第一代移民（60.3%）。在第一代参与者中，双语参与者比偏好说西班牙语的参与者拥有健康饮食模式的可能性更小（率比（RR）= 0.79，P = 0.0218）。这种关联在男性中也有发现（RR = 0.81，P = 0.0098）。偏好说英语的女性比偏好说西班牙语的女性食用健康食物的可能性更小（RR = 0.84，P = 0.0293）。在第二代参与者中，偏好说英语的参与者比偏好说西班牙语的参与者报告更高不健康饮食模式的可能性更大（RR = 1.23，P = 0.0114）。在偏好英语的女性与偏好西班牙语的女性（RR = 1.23，P = 0.0107）或双语女性（RR = 1.26，P = 0.0159）中也发现了更高的不健康饮食模式。年龄较小的男性参与者有更高不健康饮食模式的可能性更大。BMI和糖尿病状况与健康或不健康饮食模式无显著关联。
文化适应程度、年龄、性别和教育与健康和不健康饮食模式相关。针对墨西哥裔美国人的营养干预应根据这些特征调整方法。
