National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, 3720 BA Bilthoven and Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2012;3:247-61. doi: 10.1146/annurev-food-022811-101206. Epub 2012 Jan 3.
Health claims regarding foods imply a relationship between a specific food and maintenance of good health, or that food can reduce the risk of disease. Health claim legislation in the European Union sets out from the concept of consumer protection. Health claim assessment focuses on defining given foods, assessing their health relationship, and evaluating relevant studies with an emphasis on controlled human intervention research. Challenges include the focus of claims on healthy populations, although most intervention studies have been conducted among patients. A further problem attends the risk reduction claim, which requires changes in generally accepted biomarkers reflecting the risk of disease. Scientific assessment and guidance documents direct the development of health claims both in Europe and elsewhere. Experience from completed assessments should make it possible to provide consumers with reliable claims to help them make healthier choices and develop lifestyles supporting long-term well-being.
有关食品的健康声称意味着特定食品与保持良好健康之间的关系，或者食品可以降低疾病的风险。欧盟的健康声称立法基于消费者保护的概念。健康声称评估侧重于定义特定食品，评估它们与健康的关系，并评估相关研究，重点是对照人类干预研究。挑战包括声称针对健康人群，尽管大多数干预研究都是在患者中进行的。另一个问题涉及风险降低的声称，这需要改变反映疾病风险的普遍接受的生物标志物。科学评估和指导文件指导欧洲和其他地区健康声称的制定。已完成评估的经验应使消费者能够获得可靠的声称，以帮助他们做出更健康的选择并形成支持长期健康的生活方式。
