Williams M
Technisearch Ltd., Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 1990 Aug;22(4):315-25. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(90)90047-o.
A project was undertaken to evaluate the utility of the penetration test in the Australian Standard devoted to the testing of lightweight helmets for bicycle riders. The project revealed aspects of the protective performance of conventional hard shell helmets and recently developed helmets manufactured entirely from expanded polystyrene foam. Hard shell helmets were found to provide good performance in a range of loading conditions applied to them during testing. In contrast, foam helmets provided very poor resistance to concentrated loads produced during impacts with small, sharp objects but they had greater capacity than hard helmets to withstand distributed loads produced during impacts with flatter objects. The presence of the penetration test in the Australian Standard was determined to have produced the good all round performance of hard helmets which met its requirements. Two tests were proposed as alternatives to the penetration test. They would evaluate foam and hard helmets on equal terms at the cost of abandoning the requirement of helmets to withstand concentrated loads.
开展了一个项目，以评估渗透测试在澳大利亚自行车骑手轻质头盔测试标准中的效用。该项目揭示了传统硬壳头盔和最近完全由发泡聚苯乙烯泡沫制成的头盔的防护性能方面。在测试期间施加于硬壳头盔的一系列加载条件下，发现它们具有良好的性能。相比之下，泡沫头盔对与小而尖锐物体碰撞时产生的集中载荷的抵抗力非常差，但它们比硬壳头盔具有更大的承受与较平物体碰撞时产生的分布载荷的能力。澳大利亚标准中渗透测试的存在被认为造就了符合其要求的硬壳头盔的良好综合性能。提出了两项测试作为渗透测试的替代方案。它们将在同等条件下评估泡沫头盔和硬壳头盔，但代价是放弃头盔承受集中载荷的要求。
