Laboratory of Exercise-Induced Physiological Adaptations (EA 3813), University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Feb;26(2):497-505. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318220e6e4.
This study was undertaken to compare the effects of dry-land strength training vs. an electrical stimulation program on swimmers. Twenty-four national-level swimmers were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the dry-land strength training program (S), the electrical stimulation training program (ES), and the control (C) group. The training program lasted 4 weeks. The subjects were evaluated before the training, at the end of the training program, and 4 weeks later. The outcome values ascertained were peak torque during arm extension at different velocities (from -60 to 180°·s(-1)) using an isokinetic dynamometer and performance, stroke rate, and stroke length during a 50-m front crawl. A significant increase in swimming velocity and peak torque was observed for both S and ES at the end of the training and 4 weeks later. Stroke length increased in the S group but not in the ES group. However, no significant differences in swimming velocity between S and ES groups were observed. No significant changes occurred in the C group. Programs combining swimming training with dry-land strength or electrical stimulation programs led to a similar gain in sprint performance and were more efficient than swimming alone.
本研究旨在比较陆上力量训练与电刺激训练方案对游泳运动员的影响。24 名国家级游泳运动员被随机分为 3 组：陆上力量训练组（S 组）、电刺激训练组（ES 组）和对照组（C 组）。训练计划持续 4 周。在训练前、训练结束时和 4 周后对受试者进行评估。使用等速测力计测量手臂伸展时不同速度（-60 至 180°·s(-1)）下的峰值扭矩以及 50 米自由泳的划频和划长。训练结束时和 4 周后，S 组和 ES 组的游泳速度和峰值扭矩均显著增加。S 组的划长增加，但 ES 组没有。然而，S 组和 ES 组的游泳速度没有显著差异。C 组没有发生显著变化。将游泳训练与陆上力量或电刺激训练方案相结合的方案可使短跑成绩获得相似的提高，并且比单独游泳更有效。
