Allan F. Williams LLC, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2012;13(1):1-6. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2011.633235.
The objective of this study was to provide a contemporary analysis of the alcohol-impaired driving problem among 16- to 17-year-olds and to consider the potential role of night and passenger restrictions in dealing with the alcohol problem by determining how many of the alcohol-related crashes take place at night or with passengers.
The data were derived from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System for 16- to 17-year-old passenger vehicle drivers in fatal crashes during 2005-2009.
During the 5-year period, 15 percent of the 8664 16- to 17-year-old drivers in fatal crashes had positive blood alcohol concentrations, most of which were 0.08 percent or greater. Drivers in alcohol-related crashes were more likely than those in non-alcohol-related crashes to be male, unbelted, in single vehicles, and speeding, and their crashes were more likely to occur on Saturday or Sunday, at night, and when passengers were present. Of the alcohol-related crashes, 88 percent took place at night or with passengers present or both, as did 67 percent of the non-alcohol-related crashes.
Stronger night and passenger restrictions with increased compliance and greater application of alcohol-specific policies would likely be effective in reducing the alcohol-related and non-alcohol-related crashes of 16- to 17-year-olds. Increasing the licensing age beyond age 16 would supplement the effectiveness of these actions.
本研究旨在对 16 至 17 岁青少年的酒后驾驶问题进行当代分析，并通过确定有多少起与酒精有关的事故发生在夜间或有乘客在场，来考虑夜间和乘客限制在解决酒精问题方面的潜在作用。
数据来自 2005 年至 2009 年间致命事故中 16 至 17 岁乘用车驾驶员的伤亡分析报告系统。
在 5 年期间，8664 名 16 至 17 岁致命事故驾驶员中，有 15%的驾驶员血液酒精浓度呈阳性，其中大多数为 0.08%或更高。与非酒精相关事故相比，与酒精相关事故的驾驶员更有可能是男性、未系安全带、单独车辆、超速行驶，且其事故更有可能发生在周六或周日、夜间，以及有乘客在场的情况下。在与酒精有关的事故中，有 88%发生在夜间或有乘客在场或两者兼有，而非酒精有关的事故中，有 67%发生在夜间或有乘客在场或两者兼有。
更严格的夜间和乘客限制，加上更高的合规性和更广泛地应用针对酒精的政策，可能会有效地减少 16 至 17 岁青少年的与酒精有关和非酒精有关的事故。将驾驶年龄提高到 16 岁以上，将补充这些措施的效果。
