Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Ml 48824, USA.
J Insect Sci. 2011;11:126. doi: 10.1673/031.011.12601.
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a primary pest of apples throughout the United States. Reliance on broad spectrum organophosphates has been declining with the slated cancellation and has shifted towards narrow spectrum insecticides. Novaluron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, has primarily been used for its ovicidal and larvacidal activities. However, recent studies have demonstrated a transovarial effect after exposure to adults. The effects of novaluron were studied to determine if reduced egg hatch occurs after exposure of different sexes to this compound. Effects of this compound through horizontal transfer were also compared with a topical application to C. pomonella eggs. Results from independent exposure of different sexes to novaluron were different than the control for all three exposure types; male only, female only, and both treated. The horizontal transfer experiment yielded no significant difference while the topical application of novaluron on eggs showed significantly lower egg hatch. Although novaluron has no direct toxicity to adults, the results of this study demonstrate that the delayed lethal activity of this compound reduces hatching of eggs laid by treated adults. Along with the direct ovicidal and larvicidal properties of novaluron, the delayed lethal activity provides an important contribution to the overall control seen in the field.
苹小卷叶蛾，苹果小卷叶蛾（鳞翅目：卷蛾科），是美国各地苹果的主要害虫。对广谱有机磷的依赖随着预定的取消而下降，已转向使用窄谱杀虫剂。杀铃脲是一种几丁质合成抑制剂，主要用于其杀卵和杀幼虫活性。然而，最近的研究表明，在接触成虫后会产生跨代效应。本研究研究了杀铃脲的作用，以确定不同性别接触该化合物后是否会减少卵孵化。还比较了这种化合物通过水平转移与对苹果小卷叶蛾卵的局部应用的效果。不同性别分别接触杀铃脲的结果与所有三种暴露类型的对照均不同；仅雄性、仅雌性和两者都处理。水平转移实验没有产生显著差异，而杀铃脲对卵的局部应用显示出显著降低的卵孵化率。尽管杀铃脲对成虫没有直接毒性，但本研究的结果表明，这种化合物的延迟致死活性降低了处理成虫产下的卵的孵化率。除了杀铃脲的直接杀卵和杀幼虫特性外，延迟致死活性对田间观察到的整体控制提供了重要贡献。
