Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2012 Feb;32(1):35-50. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2011.11.008. Epub 2011 Dec 12.
The rise in food allergy prevalence in developed countries is evident from anecdotal reports but has been difficult to document and until recently good quality prevalence data were lacking. Although most emerging risk factors seem related to the "modern lifestyle" the reasons for the rise in food allergy prevalence remain poorly understood. The incidence of food allergy-related anaphylaxis is rising particularly in children younger than 5 years of age. Emerging studies are better designed to assess the true prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergy using formal population sampling frames, standardized and objective outcome data including use of the gold standard oral food challenge, and the capacity to adjust for potential selection bias.
发达国家食物过敏患病率的上升有实例报道，但很难记录下来，而且直到最近都缺乏高质量的流行数据。虽然大多数新出现的危险因素似乎与“现代生活方式”有关，但食物过敏患病率上升的原因仍知之甚少。食物过敏相关性过敏反应的发病率，尤其是在 5 岁以下儿童中，正在上升。新兴研究更好地设计了使用正式的人群抽样框架、标准化和客观的结果数据（包括使用黄金标准的口服食物激发试验）来评估 IgE 介导的食物过敏的真实流行率，并且有能力调整潜在的选择偏倚。
