Nocerino Rita, Mercuri Caterina, Bosco Vincenzo, Aquilone Greta, Guillari Assunta, Simeone Silvio, Rea Teresa
Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Children (Basel). 2024 Dec 5;11(12):1485. doi: 10.3390/children11121485.
Food allergy (FA)-related bullying is a significant public health concern affecting pediatric patients. This systematic review investigates the prevalence, characteristics, and psychosocial impact of FA-related bullying, as well as current intervention strategies within educational and healthcare settings.
A systematic literature search was conducted across the PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases, covering publications up to February 2024. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and included studies on children and adolescents (0-18 years) diagnosed with FAs. Studies were selected based on eligibility criteria and assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
The initial search identified a total of 260 records (6 from scientific databases and 254 from registries). Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings of these studies reveal that FA-related bullying is prevalent, with rates varying between 17% and 60%, depending on the study population and methods. Bullying often involves verbal teasing, social exclusion, and physical threats using allergens, presenting both psychological and physical risks. Psychological consequences include increased anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal, which persist over time, significantly impacting quality of life for both children and their families. Notably, bullying often occurs in school settings, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
FA-related bullying profoundly affects mental health and quality of life for affected children and their families. Interventions, such as school-based allergy education programs and policies promoting inclusivity and safety, have shown promise in reducing bullying incidents. A collaborative approach involving healthcare providers, educators, and policymakers is essential to mitigate the impact of FA-related bullying and improve outcomes for affected children.
与食物过敏（FA）相关的欺凌行为是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响着儿科患者。本系统综述调查了与FA相关的欺凌行为的患病率、特征和心理社会影响，以及教育和医疗环境中的当前干预策略。
在PubMed、科学网和CINAHL数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，涵盖截至2024年2月的出版物。该综述遵循PRISMA指南，纳入了对诊断为FA的儿童和青少年（0 - 18岁）的研究。根据纳入标准选择研究，并使用纽卡斯尔 - 渥太华量表评估质量。
初步检索共识别出260条记录（6条来自科学数据库，254条来自注册库）。26项研究符合纳入标准。这些研究的结果表明，与FA相关的欺凌行为很普遍，根据研究人群和方法的不同，发生率在17%至60%之间。欺凌行为通常包括言语嘲笑、社会排斥以及使用过敏原进行身体威胁，带来心理和身体风险。心理后果包括焦虑、抑郁加剧以及社交退缩，这些问题会长期存在，对儿童及其家庭的生活质量产生重大影响。值得注意的是，欺凌行为常发生在学校环境中，这凸显了针对性干预的必要性。
与FA相关的欺凌行为对受影响儿童及其家庭的心理健康和生活质量产生深远影响。诸如基于学校的过敏教育项目以及促进包容性和安全性的政策等干预措施，在减少欺凌事件方面显示出了前景。医疗保健提供者、教育工作者和政策制定者之间的协作方法对于减轻与FA相关的欺凌行为的影响以及改善受影响儿童的结局至关重要。
