Robert Karine, Garant Dany, Pelletier Fanie
Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
J Wildl Dis. 2012 Jan;48(1):122-30. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-48.1.122.
Safe and reliable capture techniques for wild animals are important for ecologic studies and management operations. We assessed the efficiency of ketamine-medetomidine (K:M) injection and reversal with atipamezole. We anesthetized 67 raccoons (Procyon lotor; 34 males, 33 females) 103 times (individuals captured between one and five times) from April 2009-October 2010 in Mont-Orford Provincial Park, Quebec, Canada. We administered a 1:1 mixture by volume of ketamine and medetomidine by intramuscular injection. Mean (±SD) induction times for males and females were 6.1±2.8 and 6.6±3.7 min, respectively. Mean induction time was 2 min longer for juveniles than for adults (7.8±3.9 and 5.8±2.9 min, respectively) and longer in autumn than in spring for adults (7.7±3.8 and 5.4±2.9 min, respectively). Recovery time after administration of atipamezole was 9.6±3.8 and 8.4±4.4 min for males and females, respectively. Recovery time was longer in spring than in autumn (10.2±4 and 7.4±3.8 min, respectively) for adults. Induction time increased by 166% after five captures of the same individual. Immobilization did not affect body mass, adult survival, or female reproductive success. We suggest the K:M mixture used is a safe and reliable method for anesthetizing raccoons in field conditions.
安全可靠的野生动物捕获技术对于生态研究和管理操作至关重要。我们评估了氯胺酮-美托咪定（K:M）注射及用阿替美唑进行苏醒的效率。2009年4月至2010年10月期间，我们在加拿大魁北克省蒙特奥福德省立公园对67只浣熊（北美浣熊；34只雄性，33只雌性）进行了103次麻醉（个体被捕获1至5次）。我们通过肌肉注射给予按体积1:1混合的氯胺酮和美托咪定。雄性和雌性的平均（±标准差）诱导时间分别为6.1±2.8分钟和6.6±3.7分钟。幼崽的平均诱导时间比成年个体长2分钟（分别为7.8±3.9分钟和5.8±2.9分钟），成年个体在秋季的诱导时间比春季长（分别为7.7±3.8分钟和5.4±2.9分钟）。给予阿替美唑后的恢复时间，雄性和雌性分别为9.6±3.8分钟和8.4±4.4分钟。成年个体春季的恢复时间比秋季长（分别为10.2±4分钟和7.4±3.8分钟）。同一只个体被捕获5次后，诱导时间增加了166%。麻醉未影响体重、成年个体的存活或雌性的繁殖成功率。我们建议所使用的K:M混合物是在野外条件下麻醉浣熊的一种安全可靠的方法。
