日常生活中的典型噪声暴露。
Typical noise exposure in daily life.
机构信息
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5355, USA.
出版信息
Int J Audiol. 2012 Feb;51 Suppl 1(0 1):S3-11. doi: 10.3109/14992027.2011.635316.
OBJECTIVE
Identify the distribution of typical noise levels present in daily life and identify factors associated with average sound levels.
DESIGN
This was an observational study.
STUDY SAMPLE
Participants (N = 286) were 20 to 68 year old men and women, drawn from the general population of Kalamazoo County, Michigan. A total of 73 000 person-hours of noise monitoring were conducted.
RESULTS
Median overall daily average levels were 79 and 77 dBLeq(A,8,equiv), with average levels exceeding EPA recommended levels for 70% of participants. Median levels were similar between the hours of 9 a.m. and 9 p.m., and varied little across days of the week. Gender, occupational classification, and history of occupational noise exposure were related to average noise levels, but age, educational attainment, and non-occupational noise exposures were not.
CONCLUSIONS
A large portion of the general population is exposed to noise levels that could result in long-term adverse effects on hearing. Gender and occupation were most strongly related to exposure, though most participants in this study had occupations that are not conventionally considered noisy.
目的
确定日常生活中典型噪声水平的分布，并确定与平均声级相关的因素。
设计
这是一项观察性研究。
研究样本
参与者（N=286）为 20 至 68 岁的男性和女性，来自密歇根州卡拉马祖县的一般人群。共进行了 73000 小时的噪声监测。
结果
总体日常平均水平中位数为 79 和 77dBLeq（A，8，等效），超过 EPA 建议水平的参与者比例为 70%。上午 9 点至晚上 9 点的中位数水平相似，且一周内变化不大。性别、职业分类和职业噪声暴露史与平均噪声水平有关，但年龄、教育程度和非职业噪声暴露无关。
结论
很大一部分普通人群暴露在可能导致长期听力不良影响的噪声水平下。性别和职业与暴露的关系最为密切，但这项研究中的大多数参与者从事的职业通常不被认为是嘈杂的。
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