Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Brain Behav Immun. 2012 Jul;26(5):691-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.01.004. Epub 2012 Jan 17.
Energy balance is controlled by centres of the brain which receive important inputs from the gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, mediated by many different signalling molecules. Obesity occurs when control of energy intake is not matched by the degree of energy expenditure. Obesity is not only a state of disordered energy balance it is also characterized by systemic inflammation. Systemic inflammation is triggered by the leakage of bacterial lipopolysaccharide through changes in intestinal permeability. The endocannabinoid system, consisting of the cannabinoid receptors, endogenous cannabinoid ligands and their biosynthetic and degradative enzymes, plays vital roles in the control of energy balance, the control of intestinal permeability and immunity. In this review we will discuss how the endocannabinoid system, intestinal microbiota and the brain-gut axis are involved in the regulation of energy balance and the development of obesity-associated systemic inflammation. Through direct and indirect actions throughout the body, the endocannabinoid system controls the development of obesity and its inflammatory complications.
能量平衡由大脑中枢控制，这些中枢从胃肠道、肝脏、胰腺、脂肪组织和骨骼肌接收重要的输入信息，由许多不同的信号分子介导。当能量摄入的控制与能量消耗的程度不匹配时，就会发生肥胖。肥胖不仅是能量平衡失调的状态，还伴有全身炎症。全身炎症是由肠道通透性改变导致细菌脂多糖渗漏而引发的。内源性大麻素系统由大麻素受体、内源性大麻素配体及其生物合成和降解酶组成，在能量平衡的控制、肠道通透性的控制和免疫中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论内源性大麻素系统、肠道微生物群和肠脑轴如何参与能量平衡的调节以及与肥胖相关的全身炎症的发展。通过全身的直接和间接作用，内源性大麻素系统控制着肥胖及其炎症并发症的发展。
