Briasoulis Alexandros, Tousoulis Dimitris, Androulakis Emmanuel S, Papageorgiou Nikolaos, Latsios George, Stefanadis Christodoulos
1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Greece.
Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov. 2012 Apr;7(1):21-32. doi: 10.2174/157489012799362386.
Endothelial dysfunction reflected by reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability is certainly the causative factor or promoting mechanism of atherosclerosis. It is necessary to detect endothelial dysfunction at an early stage using appropriate methods, and to choose a treatment for the recovery of endothelial function. There are nonpharmacological and pharmacological therapies to attain endothelial repair. The latter includes the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, statins, erythropoietin, tetrahydrobiopterin, and antioxidants. The pharmacologic therapies are intended to increase NO synthase activity and NO release, inhibit NO degradation, and enhance the activity of endothelial progenitor cells. This article reviews the current knowledge of the pathophysiological events contributing to endothelial dysfunction as well as several established and novel treatment options to reverse those changes along with the discussion of recent patents.
一氧化氮（NO）可用性降低所反映的内皮功能障碍无疑是动脉粥样硬化的致病因素或促进机制。有必要使用适当的方法在早期检测内皮功能障碍，并选择恢复内皮功能的治疗方法。有非药物和药物疗法来实现内皮修复。后者包括使用肾素-血管紧张素系统抑制剂、他汀类药物、促红细胞生成素、四氢生物蝶呤和抗氧化剂。药物疗法旨在增加一氧化氮合酶活性和一氧化氮释放，抑制一氧化氮降解，并增强内皮祖细胞的活性。本文综述了导致内皮功能障碍的病理生理事件的当前知识，以及几种既定的和新颖的治疗选择以逆转这些变化，并讨论了近期的专利。
