Centre for Genomics, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Vidya Vihar, Gwalior 47401, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Public Health. 2012 Apr;126(4):295-9. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2011.12.016. Epub 2012 Jan 28.
To estimate the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in a high-risk rural area of central India.
Retrospective analysis of primary data.
In total, 10,963 sputum smears were screened from Hindu tribes (n = 4032), Hindu non-tribal (n = 5445) and Muslim communities (n = 1486) between 2004 and 2009. Smears were recorded as positive or negative for tubercle bacilli following staining with acid-fast bacilli, in accordance with the guidelines of the World Health Organization. Age- and gender-specific prevalence rates and relative risks (RR) were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 13.0.
The prevalence of TB was found to be significantly higher in Hindu tribes compared with Hindu castes and Muslims (P < 0.005). The overall RR of developing smear-positive disease was 1.4-fold higher (95% confidence interval 1.1-1.7; P < 0.005) in males than females in all the study groups. The highest prevalence of TB was observed in subjects aged 15-34 years.
Hindu tribes and males of working age are still at high risk of smear-positive TB.
估计印度中部一个高危农村地区的肺结核（TB）患病率。
回顾性分析原始数据。
2004 年至 2009 年，共对印度教部落（n=4032）、印度教非部落（n=5445）和穆斯林社区（n=1486）的 10963 份痰液涂片进行了筛查。根据世界卫生组织的指导方针，用抗酸杆菌染色后，将涂片记录为结核分枝杆菌阳性或阴性。使用社会科学统计软件包 13.0 计算年龄和性别特异性患病率和相对风险（RR）。
与印度教种姓和穆斯林相比，印度教部落的结核病患病率明显更高（P<0.005）。在所有研究组中，男性比女性发展为涂片阳性疾病的 RR 高出 1.4 倍（95%置信区间 1.1-1.7；P<0.005）。TB 的最高患病率出现在 15-34 岁的人群中。
印度教部落和劳动年龄男性仍然面临高风险的涂片阳性结核病。
