Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3908, United States.
Physiol Behav. 2012 May 15;106(2):101-8. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.01.009. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
The SHR Y chromosome has loci which are involved with behavioral, endocrine and brain phenotypes and respond to acute stress to a different degree than that of the WKY Y chromosome. The objectives were to determine if WKY males with an SHR Y chromosome (SHR/y) when compared to males with a WKY Y chromosome would have: 1. a greater increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP), heart rate (HR), and locomotor activity when placed in an open field environment and during an acute stress procedure; 2. enhanced stress hormone responses; 3. greater voluntary running; and 4. increased brain Sry expression. The SHR/y strain showed a significant rise in BP (32%) and HR (10%) during the open field test and exhibited higher BP (46% change) during air jet stress. SHR/y had higher locomotor activity and less immobility and had increased stress induced plasma norepinephrine and adrenocorticotrophic hormone and 3-4× more voluntary running compared to WKY. Differential Sry expression between WKY and SHR/y in amygdala and hippocampus was altered at rest and during acute stress more than that of WKY. Evidence suggests that this animal model allows novel functions of Y chromosome loci to be revealed. In conclusion, a transcription factor on the SHR Y chromosome, Sry, may be responsible for the cardiovascular, endocrine and behavioral phenotype differences between SHR/y and WKY males.
SHR 染色体上的基因座与行为、内分泌和大脑表型有关，对急性应激的反应程度与 WKY 染色体不同。目的是确定当 WKY 雄性具有 SHR 染色体（SHR/y）时，与具有 WKY 染色体的雄性相比，是否会有：1. 在开放环境和急性应激过程中，收缩压和舒张压（BP）、心率（HR）和运动活动增加更大；2. 增强应激激素反应；3. 更多的自愿跑步；4. 增加大脑 Sry 表达。SHR/y 株在开放场测试中 BP（32%）和 HR（10%）显著升高，在空气喷射应激时 BP 升高更高（46%变化）。与 WKY 相比，SHR/y 具有更高的运动活性和更少的不动性，并且应激诱导的血浆去甲肾上腺素和促肾上腺皮质激素增加，自愿跑步增加 3-4 倍。在休息和急性应激期间，WKY 和 SHR/y 之间的杏仁核和海马中的 Sry 表达差异比 WKY 更大。有证据表明，这种动物模型允许揭示 Y 染色体基因座的新功能。总之，SHR 染色体上的转录因子 Sry 可能负责 SHR/y 和 WKY 雄性之间心血管、内分泌和行为表型的差异。
