Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2012 Jul;19(6):1994-2006. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-0764-9.
Chlorinated ethanes and ethenes are among the most frequently detected organic pollutants of water. Their physicochemical properties are such that they can contaminate aquifers for decades. In favourable conditions, they can undergo degradation. In anaerobic conditions, chlorinated solvents can undergo reductive dechlorination.
Abiotic dechlorination is usually slower than microbial but abiotic dechlorination is usually complete. In favourable conditions, abiotic reactions bring significant contribution to natural attenuation processes. Abiotic agents that may enhance the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethanes and ethenes are zero-valent metals, sulphide minerals or green rusts.
At some sites, permanganate and Fenton's reagent can be used as remediation tool for oxidation of chlorinated ethanes and ethenes.
Nanoscale iron or bimetallic particles, due to high efficiency in degradation of chlorinated ethanes and ethenes, have gained much interest. They allow for rapid degradation of chlorinated ethanes and ethenes in water phase, but they also give benefit of treating dense non-aqueous phase liquid.
氯代乙烷和乙烯是水中最常检测到的有机污染物之一。它们的物理化学性质使得它们可以在含水层中污染数十年。在有利条件下，它们可以降解。在厌氧条件下，氯代溶剂可以进行还原脱氯。
非生物脱氯通常比微生物脱氯慢，但非生物脱氯通常是完全的。在有利条件下，非生物反应对自然衰减过程有重要贡献。可能增强氯代乙烷和乙烯还原脱氯的非生物试剂有零价金属、硫化物矿物或绿锈。
在一些地点，高锰酸盐和芬顿试剂可用作氧化氯代乙烷和乙烯的修复工具。
纳米尺度的铁或双金属颗粒由于在降解氯代乙烷和乙烯方面的高效率而引起了广泛关注。它们允许在水相中快速降解氯代乙烷和乙烯，但也有利于处理密集的非水相液体。
