Helsinki Emergency Medical Service, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2012 Feb 1;20:7. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-20-7.
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) have been profiled as 'party drugs' used mainly at dance parties and in nightclubs on weekend nights. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of injecting drug use among GHB/GBL overdose patients and whether there are temporal differences in the occurrence of GHB/GBL overdoses of injecting drug and recreational drug users.
In this retrospective study, the ambulance and hospital records of suspected GHB- and GBL overdose patients treated by the Helsinki Emergency Medical Service from January 1st 2006 to December 31st 2007 were reviewed. According to the temporal occurrence of the overdose, patients were divided in two groups. In group A, the overdose occurred on a Friday-Saturday or Saturday-Sunday night between 11 pm-6 am. Group B consisted of overdoses occurring on outside this time frame.
Group A consisted of 39 patient contacts and the remaining 61 patient contacts were in group B. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in (group A vs. B, respectively): history of injecting drug abuse (33% vs. 59%, p = 0.012), reported polydrug and ethanol use (80% vs. 62%, p = 0.028), the location where the patients were encountered (private or public indoors or outdoors, 10%, 41%, 41% vs. 25%, 18%, 53%, p = 0.019) and how the knowledge of GHB/GBL use was obtained (reported by patient/bystanders or clinical suspicion, 72%, 28% vs. 85%, 10%, p = 0.023). Practically all (99%) patients were transported to emergency department after prehospital care.
There appears to be at least two distinct groups of GHB/GBL users. Injecting drug users represent the majority of GHB/GBL overdose patients outside weekend nights.
γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）和γ-丁内酯（GBL）已被描述为“派对药物”，主要在周末晚上的舞会和夜总会使用。本研究的目的是检查 GHB/GBL 用药过量患者中注射吸毒的频率，以及注射吸毒者和娱乐性吸毒者中 GHB/GBL 用药过量发生的时间是否存在差异。
在这项回顾性研究中，回顾了 2006 年 1 月 1 日至 2007 年 12 月 31 日期间赫尔辛基急救医疗服务中心治疗的疑似 GHB 和 GBL 用药过量患者的救护车和医院记录。根据用药过量的时间发生，将患者分为两组。在 A 组中，用药过量发生在周五-周六或周六-周日晚上 11 点至 6 点之间。B 组包括在此时间框架之外发生的用药过量。
A 组包括 39 例患者接触，其余 61 例患者接触在 B 组。两组之间存在统计学显著差异（分别为 A 组与 B 组）：有注射吸毒史（33%对 59%，p = 0.012），报告多药和乙醇使用（80%对 62%，p = 0.028），患者遇到的地点（私人或公共室内或室外，10%，41%，41%对 25%，18%，53%，p = 0.019）以及获得 GHB/GBL 使用知识的方式（由患者/旁观者报告或临床怀疑，72%，28%对 85%，10%，p = 0.023）。几乎所有（99%）患者在院前护理后都被送往急诊室。
似乎至少有两个不同的 GHB/GBL 用户群体。在周末晚上以外，注射吸毒者是 GHB/GBL 用药过量患者的大多数。
