Madah-Amiri Desiree, Clausen Thomas, Myrmel Lars, Brattebø Guttorm, Lobmaier Philipp
The Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, The University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Bergen Emergency Medical Services, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2017 May;36(3):288-294. doi: 10.1111/dar.12451. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
Opioid overdose fatalities are a significant concern globally. Non-fatal overdoses have been described as a strong predictor for future overdoses, and are often attended by the ambulance services. This paper explores characteristics associated with non-fatal overdoses and aims to identify possible trends among these events in an urban area in Norway.
This is a retrospective analysis of non-fatal overdoses from Bergen ambulance services from 2012 to 2013. Demographic, temporal and geographic data were explored.
During the two years, 463 non-fatal opioid overdoses were attended by ambulance services. Ambulance call-outs occurred primarily during the late afternoon and evening hours of weekdays. Summer months had more overdoses than other seasons, with a peak in August. Overdoses were nearly twice as likely to occur in a public location in August (risk ratio 1.92, P = 0.042). Ambulance response times were more likely to be longer to private locations, and these victims were more likely to be treated and left at the scene. There was no difference in arrival time for drug-related and non-drug related dispatch.
The temporal patterns suggest that non-fatal overdoses occur during non-recreational time periods. The longer ambulance response time and disposition for private addresses indicate potential opportunities for peer interventions. Our analysis describes circumstances surrounding non-fatal overdoses and can be useful in guiding relevant, targeted prevention interventions. [Madah-Amiri D, Clausen T, Myrmel L, Brattebø G, Lobmaier P. Circumstances surrounding non-fatal opioid overdoses attended by ambulance services. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;36:288-294].
阿片类药物过量致死是全球范围内的一个重大问题。非致命性过量用药被认为是未来过量用药的一个有力预测指标，并且经常会有救护车服务介入。本文探讨与非致命性过量用药相关的特征，并旨在识别挪威一个城市地区这些事件中可能存在的趋势。
这是一项对2012年至2013年卑尔根救护车服务所处理的非致命性过量用药事件的回顾性分析。对人口统计学、时间和地理数据进行了探究。
在这两年间，救护车服务共处理了463起非致命性阿片类药物过量事件。救护车出诊主要发生在工作日的傍晚和夜间时段。夏季的过量用药事件比其他季节更多，8月达到峰值。8月份在公共场所发生过量用药的可能性几乎是非公共场所的两倍（风险比1.92，P = 0.042）。救护车对私人场所的响应时间更可能较长，并且这些受害者更可能在现场接受治疗后离开。与毒品相关和非毒品相关调度的到达时间没有差异。
时间模式表明非致命性过量用药发生在非娱乐时间段。救护车对私人地址的较长响应时间和处置方式表明存在同伴干预的潜在机会。我们的分析描述了非致命性过量用药事件的相关情况，可有助于指导相关的、有针对性的预防干预措施。[马达赫 - 阿米里D，克劳森T，米尔梅尔L，布拉特博G，洛布迈尔P。救护车服务处理的非致命性阿片类药物过量事件的相关情况。《药物与酒精评论》2017；36：288 - 294]
