Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Physiol Rev. 2012 Jan;92(1):193-235. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2010.
The two amino acids GABA and glycine mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission in different CNS areas and serve pivotal roles in the spinal sensory processing. Under healthy conditions, they limit the excitability of spinal terminals of primary sensory nerve fibers and of intrinsic dorsal horn neurons through pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms, and thereby facilitate the spatial and temporal discrimination of sensory stimuli. Removal of fast inhibition not only reduces the fidelity of normal sensory processing but also provokes symptoms very much reminiscent of pathological and chronic pain syndromes. This review summarizes our knowledge of the molecular bases of spinal inhibitory neurotransmission and its organization in dorsal horn sensory circuits. Particular emphasis is placed on the role and mechanisms of spinal inhibitory malfunction in inflammatory and neuropathic chronic pain syndromes.
两种氨基酸 GABA 和甘氨酸在不同的中枢神经系统区域介导快速抑制性神经传递，并在脊髓感觉处理中起关键作用。在健康状态下，它们通过突触前和突触后机制限制初级感觉神经纤维和固有背角神经元的脊髓末端的兴奋性，从而促进感觉刺激的空间和时间分辨。快速抑制的去除不仅降低了正常感觉处理的保真度，而且还引发了非常类似于病理性和慢性疼痛综合征的症状。这篇综述总结了我们对脊髓抑制性神经传递的分子基础及其在背角感觉回路中的组织的认识。特别强调了脊髓抑制性功能障碍在炎症和神经病理性慢性疼痛综合征中的作用和机制。
