Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2012 Feb;24(1):41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2011.12.006. Epub 2012 Feb 3.
The nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat proteins (NLRs) represent the major class of intracellular innate immune receptors in plants and animals. Understanding their functions is a major challenge in immunology. This review highlights recent efforts toward elucidating NLR functions in human and plants. We compare unconventional aspects of NLR proteins across the two kingdoms. We review recent advances describing P-loop independent activation, nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking, oligomerization and multimerization requirements for signaling, and for expanded functions beyond pathogen recognition by several NLR proteins.
核苷酸结合域富含亮氨酸重复蛋白（NLRs）是动植物细胞内固有免疫受体的主要类别。了解它们的功能是免疫学的一个主要挑战。本综述强调了阐明人和植物中 NLR 功能的最新努力。我们比较了两个王国中 NLR 蛋白的非传统方面。我们回顾了最近的进展，描述了 P 环非依赖性激活、核质转运、寡聚化和多聚化信号传导要求，以及几个 NLR 蛋白在病原体识别之外的扩展功能。
