Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2012 Jun;23(4):370-80. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.01.013. Epub 2012 Jan 28.
Altered metabolic regulation has long been observed in human cancer and broadly used in the clinic for tumor detection. Two recent findings--the direct regulation of metabolic enzymes by frequently mutated cancer genes and frequent mutations of several metabolic enzymes themselves in cancer--have renewed interest in cancer metabolism. Supporting a causative role of altered metabolic enzymes in tumorigenesis, abnormal levels of several metabolites have been found to play a direct role in cancer development. The alteration of metabolic genes and metabolites offer not only new biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, but also potential new targets for cancer therapy.
代谢调控异常在人类癌症中很早就被观察到，并广泛应用于肿瘤检测的临床实践中。最近的两项发现——经常发生突变的癌症基因对代谢酶的直接调控以及癌症中几个代谢酶自身的频繁突变——重新激发了人们对癌症代谢的兴趣。代谢酶的异常水平被发现直接参与肿瘤的发生，从而为代谢酶在肿瘤发生中的因果作用提供了支持。代谢基因和代谢物的改变不仅为诊断和预后提供了新的生物标志物，而且为癌症治疗提供了新的潜在靶点。
