Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 460 Medical Center Boulevard, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2012 Dec 5;107(5):809-13. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.01.016. Epub 2012 Jan 27.
To address the mechanisms underlying hatha yoga's potential stress-reduction benefits, we compared adiponectin and leptin data from well-matched novice and expert yoga practitioners. These adipocytokines have counter-regulatory functions in inflammation; leptin plays a proinflammatory role, while adiponectin has anti-inflammatory properties. Fifty healthy women (mean age=41.32, range=30-65), 25 novices and 25 experts, provided fasting blood samples during three separate visits. Leptin was 36% higher among novices compared to experts, P=.008. Analysis of adiponectin revealed a borderline effect of yoga expertise, P=.08; experts' average adiponectin levels were 28% higher than novices across the three visits. In contrast, experts' average adiponectin to leptin ratio was nearly twice that of novices, P=.009. Frequency of self-reported yoga practice showed significant negative relationships with leptin; more weeks of yoga practice over the last year, more lifetime yoga sessions, and more years of yoga practice were all significantly associated with lower leptin, with similar findings for the adiponectin to leptin ratio. Novices and experts did not show even marginal differences on behavioral and physiological dimensions that might represent potential confounds, including BMI, central adiposity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and diet. Prospective studies addressing increased risk for type II diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease have highlighted the importance of these adipocytokines in modulating inflammation. Although these health risks are clearly related to more extreme values then we found in our healthy sample, our data raise the possibility that longer-term and/or more intensive yoga practice could have beneficial health consequences by altering leptin and adiponectin production.
为了探究哈他瑜伽减轻压力的潜在机制，我们比较了新手和专家瑜伽练习者体内脂联素和瘦素的数据。这两种细胞因子在炎症中具有相反的调节作用；瘦素具有促炎作用，而脂联素则具有抗炎特性。我们招募了 50 名健康女性（平均年龄 41.32 岁，范围 30-65 岁），其中 25 名为新手，25 名为专家，她们在三次不同的访问中提供了空腹血样。与专家相比，新手的瘦素水平高出 36%，P=.008。脂联素分析显示瑜伽专业知识存在边缘效应，P=.08；在三次访问中，专家的平均脂联素水平比新手高出 28%。相比之下，专家的脂联素与瘦素比值几乎是新手的两倍，P=.009。自我报告的瑜伽练习频率与瘦素呈显著负相关；过去一年中瑜伽练习的周数越多、一生练习瑜伽的次数越多、练习瑜伽的年限越长，瘦素水平越低，脂联素与瘦素比值也呈现出类似的趋势。新手和专家在可能代表潜在混杂因素的行为和生理维度上没有表现出明显差异，包括 BMI、中心性肥胖、心肺功能健康和饮食。针对 II 型糖尿病、高血压和心血管疾病风险增加的前瞻性研究强调了这些细胞因子在调节炎症方面的重要性。虽然这些健康风险与我们在健康样本中发现的更为极端的值明显相关，但我们的数据表明，长期和/或更密集的瑜伽练习可能通过改变瘦素和脂联素的产生而对健康产生有益的影响。
