Sevy S, Kay S R, Opler L A, van Praag H M
Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1990 Oct;178(10):642-8. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199010000-00005.
Fifty-one schizophrenic inpatients were divided into two groups, those with and without history of cocaine use, and compared on historical, demographic, cognitive, and psychopathological measures. Patients with a cocaine history were found to be significantly more depressed, less socialized, and more impaired in conceptual encoding and verbal memory, while less disordered in attention. The two groups did not differ in severity of illness or positive and negative syndromes. There were also no differences in control variables such as age, gender, education, intelligence, premorbid adjustment, neuroleptic dose, onset and chronicity of illness, continuity of hospitalization, paranoid subtype, and psychiatric illness in the family. Cocaine history was associated with multiple illicit drug use, but for other substances there was no increased liability for depression or cognitive deficits. The results suggest that the clinical presentation in schizophrenia is significantly associated with prior cocaine experience.
51名精神分裂症住院患者被分为两组，一组有可卡因使用史，另一组无可卡因使用史，并对两组患者的病史、人口统计学、认知和精神病理学指标进行比较。结果发现，有可卡因使用史的患者明显更易抑郁、社交能力更差、概念编码和言语记忆受损更严重，而注意力障碍较轻。两组患者在疾病严重程度、阳性和阴性症状方面并无差异。在年龄、性别、教育程度、智力、病前适应情况、抗精神病药物剂量、疾病发作和病程、住院连续性、偏执型亚型以及家族精神疾病等控制变量方面也没有差异。可卡因使用史与多种非法药物使用有关，但对于其他物质，并未发现抑郁或认知缺陷的易感性增加。研究结果表明，精神分裂症的临床表现与既往可卡因使用经历显著相关。
