Servicio de Parasitología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo s/n, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Jul 6;187(3-4):529-33. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.01.024. Epub 2012 Jan 28.
Leishmania infantum is a protozoan parasite causing leishmaniosis, a visceral disease transmitted by the bites of sand flies. As the main reservoir of the parasite, dogs are the principal targets of control measures against this disease, which affects both humans and dogs. Several studies have revealed the usefulness of topical insecticide treatment (collars, spot-ons and sprays) in reducing the incidence and prevalence of L. infantum. The present study was designed to test the efficacy of 65% permethrin applied to dogs as a spot-on against the sand fly vector Phlebotomus perniciosus. The duration of the desired effects was also estimated to help design an optimal treatment regimen. Twelve dogs assigned to treatment (n=6) and control (n=6) groups were exposed to sand flies once a week over a seven-week period. Repellent and insecticidal efficacies were estimated and compared amongst the groups. Our findings indicate satisfactory repellent, or anti-feeding, effects lasting 3 weeks and short-term insecticidal effects lasting 2 weeks after initial application. Accordingly, we recommend the use of this product every 2-3 weeks during the active phlebotomine sand fly period to protect dogs against the bites of P. perniciosus.
利什曼原虫是一种原生动物寄生虫，可引起内脏利什曼病，这是一种由沙蝇叮咬传播的疾病。作为寄生虫的主要宿主，狗是针对这种疾病的控制措施的主要目标，这种疾病会影响人和狗。多项研究表明，局部杀虫剂治疗（项圈、点涂剂和喷雾剂）在降低利什曼原虫的发病率和流行率方面非常有效。本研究旨在测试 65%氯菊酯作为点涂剂用于狗身上对抗沙蝇传播媒介白蛉的效果。还估计了所需效果的持续时间，以帮助设计最佳治疗方案。将 12 只狗分为治疗组（n=6）和对照组（n=6），每周暴露于沙蝇一次，持续 7 周。评估了各组的驱避和杀虫效果，并进行了比较。我们的研究结果表明，这种产品在最初使用后具有令人满意的 3 周驱避或拒食效果和 2 周的短期杀虫效果。因此，我们建议在白蛉活跃期间每 2-3 周使用一次该产品，以保护狗免受白蛉的叮咬。
