Mencke N, Volf P, Volfova V, Stanneck D
Bayer AG, BHC-Business Group Animal Health, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany.
Parasitol Res. 2003 Jul;90 Suppl 3:S108-11. doi: 10.1007/s00436-003-0905-7. Epub 2003 Aug 19.
Infection in dogs and humans with the protozoan parasite Leishmania are widespread in tropical and subtropical countries around the globe. Sand flies of the order Phlebotomus in the Old World and Lutzomyia in the New World function as the vector of this disease. In dogs, skin lesions are the most prominent signs of canine leishmaniasis, besides other complex underlying manifestations. To prevent dogs from sand fly bites and thus transmission of Leishmania, an imidacloprid 10% w/v / permethrin 50% w/v combination was evaluated for its insecticidal and repellent efficacy. Treated and untreated control dogs were exposed weekly to about 200 female Phlebotomus papatasi for a period of four weeks. Dead and alive sand flies were counted for surviving rate evaluation and feeding rate was determined for repellency evaluation. The repellent efficacy was 94.6% (day 1), 93.3% (day 8), 80.0% (day 15), 72.8% (day 22) and 55.9% (day 29).The insecticidal efficacy was 60.0% (day 1), 46.2% (day 8), 42.6% (day 15), 35.2% (day 22) and 29.3% (day 29). The study demonstrated the high repellent potential of the imidacloprid / permethrin combination, thus protecting dogs from sand fly bites.
在全球热带和亚热带国家，犬类和人类感染原生动物寄生虫利什曼原虫的情况很普遍。在东半球，白蛉属的沙蝇以及在西半球，罗蛉属的沙蝇是这种疾病的传播媒介。对犬类而言，除了其他复杂的潜在表现外，皮肤病变是犬利什曼病最突出的症状。为防止犬类被沙蝇叮咬从而预防利什曼原虫传播，对10%重量/体积的吡虫啉/50%重量/体积的氯菊酯组合的杀虫和驱避效果进行了评估。每周让经过处理和未经处理的对照犬接触约200只雌性巴氏白蛉，持续四周。对死亡和存活的沙蝇进行计数以评估存活率，并确定摄食率以评估驱避效果。驱避效果分别为94.6%（第1天）、93.3%（第8天）、80.0%（第15天）、72.8%（第22天）和55.9%（第29天）。杀虫效果分别为60.0%（第1天）、46.2%（第8天）、42.6%（第15天）、35.2%（第22天）和29.3%（第29天）。该研究证明了吡虫啉/氯菊酯组合具有很高的驱避潜力，从而可保护犬类免受沙蝇叮咬。
