Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, F4-224, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Cancer Nurs. 2012 Nov-Dec;35(6):483-92. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e318243fb30.
: Attitudes toward guilt and forgiveness may be important factors determining distress in cancer patients. Direct comparative studies in patients with different life expectancies exploring attitudes toward guilt and forgiveness are lacking. Also, sociodemographic and religious characteristics determining the attitudes toward guilt and forgiveness are unknown.
: The objective of this study was to compare attitudes toward guilt and forgiveness in cancer patients without evidence of disease and advanced cancer patients.
: A descriptive research design was used. Ninety-seven patients without evidence of disease and 55 advanced cancer patients filled out the Dutch Guilt Measurement Instrument and the Forgiveness of Others Scale.
: Both groups had an attitude of nonreligious guilt and forgiveness, but not of religious guilt. No significant differences in attitudes toward guilt and forgiveness were observed between the 2 groups. In contrast to sociodemographic characteristics, religious characteristics were relevant predictors for guilt and forgiveness. Significant differences in relations between images of God and attitudes toward guilt were observed between the 2 patient groups.
: An attitude of nonreligious guilt and forgiveness was found in cancer patients, irrespective of the stage of disease. Religious characteristics were significantly associated with attitudes of guilt and forgiveness. This correlation differed in the early and the advanced setting of disease.
: The observed relations between religious characteristics and attitudes of guilt and forgiveness suggest that a careful examination of the role of religious beliefs and values is relevant in the clinical care of patients with cancer, both in the setting of early and advanced disease.
对罪恶感和宽恕的态度可能是决定癌症患者痛苦的重要因素。缺乏对不同预期寿命的癌症患者进行直接比较研究，以探索对罪恶感和宽恕的态度。此外，决定罪恶感和宽恕态度的社会人口学和宗教特征也尚不清楚。
本研究旨在比较无疾病证据的癌症患者和晚期癌症患者对罪恶感和宽恕的态度。
采用描述性研究设计。97 名无疾病证据的患者和 55 名晚期癌症患者填写了荷兰罪恶感量表和他人宽恕量表。
两组患者均表现出非宗教性的罪恶感和宽恕态度，但没有宗教性的罪恶感。两组患者在罪恶感和宽恕态度方面无显著差异。与社会人口学特征相比，宗教特征是罪恶感和宽恕的重要预测因素。在两组患者中，对上帝形象的看法与罪恶感之间的关系存在显著差异。
在癌症患者中发现了一种非宗教性的罪恶感和宽恕态度，与疾病的阶段无关。宗教特征与罪恶感和宽恕态度显著相关。这种相关性在疾病的早期和晚期阶段有所不同。
观察到的宗教特征与罪恶感和宽恕态度之间的关系表明，在癌症患者的临床护理中，认真检查宗教信仰和价值观的作用是很重要的，无论是在疾病的早期还是晚期阶段。
