Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Islamic Azad University Sciences and Research Branc fars, Iran.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Jan;16(1):38-42.
Salvia (S.) is an important genus consisting of about 900 species in the Lamiaceae family. They are several reports that some Salvia spp. has effects on the central nervous system (CNS). The present experiments were undertaken to study the protective effect of S. limbata on the development of dependence to morphine in mice.
Antinociceptive activity of aerial parts of S. limbata was investigated using the hot plate method. In addition, the effect of its aerial parts on morphine dependence was investigated in mice. After induction of dependence by morphine, different concentrations of plant aerial parts extract were injected to treated groups. To assess morphine withdrawal, mice were injected naloxone (5 mg/kg) i.p. on the 5th day. After four consecutive days of morphine injection, withdrawal syndrome was assessed by placing each mouse in a 30 cm high glass box and recording the frequency of escape jumps for 60 minutes.
Animal receiving acute treatment with morphine displayed dependence. The animals treated with different extract concentrations could decrease frequency of escape jumps in number or decrease development of morphine dependence. Addiction was observed following naloxone administration. Methanol extract of S. limbata produced a statistically significant inhibition of pain induced by hot plate latency at 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg i.p. A significant increase in pain threshold was observed after 30 and 60 min (p < 0.001). The activity was comparable to that of morphine (30 mg kg(-1) i.p., p > 0.05). The anti-nociceptive activity of S. limbata increased until the 60th min (p < 0.05 compared to morphine).
S. limbata extract produced statistically significant inhibition of pain and development of morphine dependence in mice.
鼠尾草（S.）是唇形科约 900 种的重要属。有报道称，某些鼠尾草属植物对中枢神经系统（CNS）有影响。本实验旨在研究丹参对小鼠吗啡依赖形成的保护作用。
采用热板法研究丹参地上部分的镇痛活性。此外，还研究了其地上部分对小鼠吗啡依赖的影响。在吗啡诱导依赖后，向治疗组注射不同浓度的植物地上部分提取物。为了评估吗啡戒断，在第 5 天给小鼠腹腔注射纳洛酮（5mg/kg）。连续 4 天注射吗啡后，将每只小鼠置于 30cm 高的玻璃箱中，记录 60 分钟内的跳跃逃避次数，以评估戒断综合征。
接受急性吗啡处理的动物表现出依赖。用不同浓度提取物处理的动物可以减少跳跃逃避的次数或减少吗啡依赖的发展。给予纳洛酮后观察到成瘾。丹参甲醇提取物在 500、1000 和 1500mg/kg 腹腔注射时，对热板潜伏期诱导的疼痛具有统计学显著抑制作用。在 30 和 60 分钟时观察到疼痛阈值显著增加（p<0.001）。其活性与吗啡（30mgkg(-1)腹腔注射，p>0.05）相当。丹参的镇痛活性可增加至 60 分钟（与吗啡相比，p<0.05）。
丹参提取物可显著抑制小鼠的疼痛和吗啡依赖的发展。
