Lee Kyung-Lock
Handok museum of medicine and pharmacy, 37 Daepung-ri, Daeso-myeon, Eumseong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 369-821, Korea.
Uisahak. 2011 Dec 31;20(2):225-62.
This article explores the Hyangyakjipseongbang, which was published in 1433, in view of the Chosŏnization of the Chinese medicine. This study discusses the structure of combination between the Chosŏn medicine and the Chinese medicine by analyzing the process of publication, the transmission of the Korean traditional medical books, the diseases and the prescriptions of Hyangyakjipseongbang. Most prescriptions of Hyangyakjipseongbang had been collected from the Chinese medical books. And the editors of Hyangyakjipseongbang, Chosŏn medical scientists, made an intensive investigation into the Chinese medicine and reconciled the official names of the Hyangyak(Korean traditional herbs) with the Chinese herbs. With the acception of the Chinese disease system including gynecology and pediatrics, Hyangyakjipseongbang was similar to the Chinese medical books such as Seonghyebang and Seongjechongrok. So Hyangyakjipseongbang became a general medical book which aimed to treat all kind of the East Asian diseases with the Hyangyak. However Hyangyakjipseongbang was one of the famous Chosŏn medical books. This book was regarded as the revised edition of Hyangyakjesaengjipseongbang, which was published in 1399. The list of chapters, formation of texts of Hyangyakjipseongbang and Hyangyakjesaengjipseongbang were much alike, besides some sentences of two books were coincided. An important point is that new diseases were created with the Publication of Hyangyakjipseongbang. Various symptoms like jaundice and nonstop runny nose of the Chinese medicine were recognized as the diseases in Chosŏn, and the proper treatments should be needed. Even though the formation of Hyangyakjipseongbang complied with that of the Chinese medical books on the whole, Chosŏn medical scientists chosen the prescriptions and decided the chapter order. And some diseases of Hyangyakjipseongbang were related with the infectious diseases and diabetes which were rampant in the late Kory period and the early Chosŏn period. It's certain that the Chinese medicine was adopted in accordance with the real state and demand of the Chosŏn society. So it can be said that new diseases had been created with the acception of the Chinese medicine and chosen with the circumstances of the Chosŏn society. It was the way of the Chosŏnization of the Chinese medicine.
本文从韩医学的朝鲜化角度探讨了1433年出版的《乡药集成方》。本研究通过分析《乡药集成方》的出版过程、朝鲜传统医学书籍的传承、疾病和方剂，来讨论朝鲜医学与中医学相结合的结构。《乡药集成方》的大多数方剂都取自中医书籍。《乡药集成方》的编纂者，即朝鲜医学家，对中医学进行了深入研究，并使乡药（朝鲜传统草药）的官方名称与中药名称相一致。随着包括妇科和儿科在内的中医疾病体系被接受，《乡药集成方》与《圣惠方》和《圣济总录》等中医书籍相似。因此，《乡药集成方》成为了一本旨在用乡药治疗各类东亚疾病的通用医学书籍。然而，《乡药集成方》是朝鲜著名的医学书籍之一。这本书被视为1399年出版的《乡药济世新编》的修订版。《乡药集成方》和《乡药济世新编》的章节列表、文本构成非常相似，而且两本书的一些句子也一致。一个重要的点是，随着《乡药集成方》的出版出现了新的疾病。中医的各种症状，如黄疸和不停流鼻涕，在朝鲜被认定为疾病，需要适当的治疗方法。尽管《乡药集成方》的构成总体上遵循中医书籍，但朝鲜医学家选择了方剂并确定了章节顺序。而且《乡药集成方》中的一些疾病与高丽后期和朝鲜初期流行的传染病和糖尿病有关。可以肯定的是，中医学是根据朝鲜社会的实际情况和需求被采用的。所以可以说，随着中医学的接受出现了新的疾病，并根据朝鲜社会的情况进行了选择。这就是中医学朝鲜化的方式。
