Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, People's Republic of China.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2012 Mar;237(3):227-35. doi: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011192. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-protein-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate mRNA expression. A large body of evidence has identified important roles for these regulators in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and metabolism, as well as activation of oncogenic and antioncogenic signals. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been found in most human malignancies and is strongly associated with tumorigenesis, prediction, diagnosis, progress, treatment and prognosis. Thus, miRNAs may become an intriguing and promising therapeutic target for many diseases, including cancer. In addition, research into miRNAs may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying tumor occurrence, progression and metastasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNAs, their roles in lung cancer and avenues for future research.
微小 RNA（miRNAs）是一类短的非编码 RNA，通过转录后调控 mRNA 的表达。大量证据表明，这些调节因子在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和代谢以及癌基因和抑癌信号的激活中发挥着重要作用。在大多数人类恶性肿瘤中发现了 miRNA 的异常表达，并且与肿瘤发生、预测、诊断、进展、治疗和预后密切相关。因此，miRNA 可能成为许多疾病（包括癌症）的一个有趣且有前途的治疗靶点。此外，miRNA 的研究可能为肿瘤发生、进展和转移的机制提供深入的了解。本综述总结了 miRNA 的最新研究进展，包括其在肺癌中的作用以及未来的研究方向。
