Jamshidi Sh, Avizeh R, Mohebali M, Bokaie S
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Parasitol. 2011 Aug;6(3):26-34.
To evaluate immunotherapy against canine visceral leishmaniasis, Leishmania major antigen and heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae (SRL172) were used as stimulators of immune defense mechanisms and the results were compared with standard chemotherapy meglumine antimoniate.
Nineteen mongrel dogs aging 1-3 years old were used in this experiment. Infection was carried out in 15 out of 19 dogs using L. infantum, isolated from a naturally infected poly-symptomatic dog.
All the cases showed positive serologic results by direct agglutination test during 30-60 days following inoculation. In the first group, which was under chemotherapy (Glucantime(R)), one of the members showed recurrence of the disease despite rapid effect of the therapeutic protocol. Immunotherapy using SRL172 caused complete cleaning of the parasite in group 2, but the speed was less than Glucantime. Immunotherapy using L. major antigen combined with M. vaccae in group 3 and combine administration of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in group 4 both were with relapsing of one case in each group. Group 5 and 6 were consisted of positive and negative control dogs, respectively.
Immunotherapy seems to be an adjuvant in treatment of canine leishmaniasis but it needs more investigation for final confirmation.
为评估针对犬内脏利什曼病的免疫疗法，使用硕大利什曼原虫抗原和热灭活的母牛分枝杆菌（SRL172）作为免疫防御机制的刺激物，并将结果与标准化疗药物葡甲胺锑酸盐进行比较。
本实验使用了19只1至3岁的杂种犬。19只犬中的15只通过从一只自然感染的多症状犬分离出的婴儿利什曼原虫进行感染。
所有病例在接种后30至60天通过直接凝集试验显示血清学结果为阳性。在接受化疗（葡甲胺锑酸盐）的第一组中，尽管治疗方案起效迅速，但其中一只犬出现了疾病复发。使用SRL172的免疫疗法在第二组中使寄生虫被完全清除，但速度比葡甲胺锑酸盐慢。在第三组中使用硕大利什曼原虫抗原联合母牛分枝杆菌的免疫疗法以及在第四组中联合使用免疫疗法和化疗，每组均有一例复发。第五组和第六组分别由阳性和阴性对照犬组成。
免疫疗法似乎是犬利什曼病治疗中的一种辅助手段，但需要更多研究以最终确认。
