Mahshid Mostafavi, Baharak Akhtardanesh, Iraj Sharifi, Sina Kakooei, Javad Khedri, Mehdi Bamorovat
Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tropical and Infectious Disease Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 76169133, Kerman, Iran.
J Parasit Dis. 2014 Jun;38(2):218-22. doi: 10.1007/s12639-012-0226-9. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in many parts of Iran and infected dogs constitute the main domestic reservoirs that play a key role in transmission to humans. The objective of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in southeast of Iran. This survey was carried out from 2009 to 2011 in Kerman, Bam and Baft districts in Kerman province and Zabol in Sistan-Baluchestan province. Blood samples were taken from 201 dogs after complete clinical examination. Following hematological evaluation; collected sera were tested by indirect ELISA method for the presence of anti Leishmania infantum antibodies. Overall seroprevalence was 15.4 %, including 6.4, 3.5, 3 and 2.4 % in Bam, Zabol, Baft and Kerman, respectively. However, seroprevalence of disease was not significantly related to age, gender, presence of clinical signs and hematological disorders. Based to the results of the present study, CVL is endemic in southeastern Iran. Delayed diagnosis and euthanasia of potentially infectious animals may occur with an increased transmission risk to sand flies and subsequently to humans. Implementation of potent screening tests with high validity is essential for rapid detection and successful dog elimination programs in endemic parts of Iran.
内脏利什曼病是伊朗许多地区的一种地方病，受感染的犬类是主要的家养宿主，在传播给人类方面起着关键作用。本研究的目的是通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）评估伊朗东南部犬内脏利什曼病（CVL）的血清流行率。这项调查于2009年至2011年在克尔曼省的克尔曼、巴姆和巴夫特地区以及锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省的扎博勒进行。在对201只犬进行全面临床检查后采集血样。经过血液学评估；收集的血清通过间接ELISA方法检测抗婴儿利什曼原虫抗体的存在。总体血清流行率为15.4%，其中巴姆、扎博勒、巴夫特和克尔曼的血清流行率分别为6.4%、3.5%、3%和2.4%。然而，该病的血清流行率与年龄、性别、临床症状的存在和血液学紊乱无显著相关性。根据本研究结果，CVL在伊朗东南部为地方病。可能具有传染性的动物的诊断延迟和安乐死可能会增加传播给白蛉并随后传播给人类的风险。实施有效性高的有效筛查测试对于在伊朗地方病地区快速检测和成功实施犬类扑杀计划至关重要。
