Duke Integrative Medicine.
Health and Wellness Innovation, Aetna Inc.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2012 Apr;17(2):246-258. doi: 10.1037/a0027278. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
Highly stressed employees are subject to greater health risks, increased cost, and productivity losses than those with normal stress levels. To address this issue in an evidence-based manner, worksite stress management programs must be able to engage individuals as well as capture data on stress, health indices, work productivity, and health care costs. In this randomized controlled pilot, our primary objective was to evaluate the viability and proof of concept for two mind-body workplace stress reduction programs (one therapeutic yoga-based and the other mindfulness-based), in order to set the stage for larger cost-effectiveness trials. A second objective was to evaluate 2 delivery venues of the mindfulness-based intervention (online vs. in-person). Intention-to-treat principles and 2 (pre and post) × 3 (group) repeated-measures analysis of covariance procedures examined group differences over time on perceived stress and secondary measures to clarify which variables to include in future studies: sleep quality, mood, pain levels, work productivity, mindfulness, blood pressure, breathing rate, and heart rate variability (a measure of autonomic balance). Two hundred and thirty-nine employee volunteers were randomized into a therapeutic yoga worksite stress reduction program, 1 of 2 mindfulness-based programs, or a control group that participated only in assessment. Compared with the control group, the mind-body interventions showed significantly greater improvements on perceived stress, sleep quality, and the heart rhythm coherence ratio of heart rate variability. The two delivery venues for the mindfulness program produced basically equivalent results. Both the mindfulness-based and therapeutic yoga programs may provide viable and effective interventions to target high stress levels, sleep quality, and autonomic balance in employees.
高压力员工比压力正常的员工面临更大的健康风险、更高的成本和生产力损失。为了以循证的方式解决这个问题，工作场所压力管理计划必须能够让个人参与，并收集压力、健康指数、工作生产力和医疗保健成本的数据。在这项随机对照试验中，我们的主要目标是评估两种身心工作场所减压计划（一种基于治疗性瑜伽，另一种基于正念）的可行性和概念验证，为更大规模的成本效益试验奠定基础。第二个目标是评估正念干预的两种实施方式（在线与面对面）。意向治疗原则和 2（前后）×3（组）重复测量协方差分析程序考察了随着时间的推移，在感知压力和次要测量上的组间差异，以明确哪些变量应包含在未来的研究中：睡眠质量、情绪、疼痛水平、工作生产力、正念、血压、呼吸频率和心率变异性（自主平衡的衡量标准）。239 名员工志愿者被随机分配到治疗性瑜伽工作场所减压计划、2 种正念干预中的 1 种或仅参加评估的对照组。与对照组相比，身心干预在感知压力、睡眠质量和心率变异性的心率节奏相干率方面显示出显著的改善。正念计划的两种实施方式产生了基本相当的结果。基于正念和治疗性瑜伽的计划都可能为目标员工的高压力水平、睡眠质量和自主平衡提供可行和有效的干预措施。
