Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 2012 Sep;31(9):877-86. doi: 10.1177/0960327112436404. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
Ketamine is one of the common recreational drugs used in rave parties and it is frequently taken with alcohol. In spite of this, the potential toxicity of ketamine in liver and kidney has not been fully documented. In this study, ICR mice were treated for periods of 6, 16 and 28 weeks with 30 mg/kg ketamine injected daily intraperitoneally, and together with alcohol (0.5 ml of 10% alcohol for each mouse) during the last 4 weeks of the treatment periods. Our experimental results showed significant damage in liver, including fatty degeneration of liver cells, fibrosis and increase in liver glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, proliferative cell nuclear antigen and lactate dehydrogenase after 16 weeks of treatment with ketamine. Hydropic degenerations of the kidney tubules were observed as early as 6 weeks of treatment. Long-term ketamine administration (28 weeks) led to atresia of glomeruli in the kidney. Proteinuria was confirmed in the 67% of the ketamine-treated animals after 28 weeks of treatment. It was apparent that ketamine when taken chronically (16 weeks of treatment and thereafter) affected both liver and kidney definitively. The damages in both liver and kidney of these mice were more severe when the animals were treated with both ketamine and alcohol.
氯胺酮是狂欢派对中常用的娱乐性药物之一，常与酒精一起服用。尽管如此，氯胺酮在肝脏和肾脏中的潜在毒性尚未得到充分证实。在这项研究中，ICR 小鼠接受了为期 6、16 和 28 周的治疗，每天腹腔注射 30mg/kg 的氯胺酮，并在治疗期的最后 4 周同时摄入酒精（每只小鼠 0.5ml10%的酒精）。我们的实验结果显示，在接受氯胺酮治疗 16 周后，肝脏出现明显损伤，包括肝细胞脂肪变性、纤维化以及肝谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶、增殖细胞核抗原和乳酸脱氢酶升高。在治疗 6 周时就观察到肾小管的水样变性。长期（28 周）给予氯胺酮会导致肾脏肾小球闭塞。在治疗 28 周后，67%的氯胺酮治疗动物出现蛋白尿。显然，氯胺酮长期（16 周以上的治疗）会对肝脏和肾脏造成严重影响。当动物同时接受氯胺酮和酒精治疗时，其肝脏和肾脏的损伤更为严重。
