Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2012 Apr;27(2):201-14. doi: 10.1177/0884533611436116. Epub 2012 Feb 24.
Malnutrition may manifest as either obesity or undernutrition. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the harvest, storage, and expenditure of energy obtained from the diet. The composition of the gut microbiota has been shown to differ between lean and obese humans and mice; however, the specific roles that individual gut microbes play in energy harvest remain uncertain. The gut microbiota may also influence the development of conditions characterized by chronic low-level inflammation, such as obesity, through systemic exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide derived from the gut microbiota. In this review, the role of the gut microbiota in energy harvest and fat storage is explored, as well as differences in the microbiota in obesity and undernutrition.
营养不良可能表现为肥胖或营养不足。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群在从饮食中获取、储存和消耗能量方面发挥着重要作用。已经表明，瘦人和肥胖的人类和老鼠之间的肠道微生物群的组成不同；然而，个体肠道微生物在能量收获中的具体作用仍不确定。肠道微生物群也可能通过全身暴露于来自肠道微生物群的细菌脂多糖，影响以慢性低度炎症为特征的疾病的发展，如肥胖。在这篇综述中，探讨了肠道微生物群在能量收获和脂肪储存中的作用，以及肥胖和营养不足时微生物群的差异。
