Akhtar Mohammad, Maikiyo Aliyu Muhammad, Khanam Razia, Mujeeb Mohd, Aqil Mohd, Najmi Abul Kalam
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2012 Jan;4(1):70-5. doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.92740.
Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of Nigella sativa (400 mg/kg, orally) for 7 days were administered and evaluated for their neuroprotective effects on middle cerebral artery occluded (MCAO) rats.
Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 22 h. After 24 h of ischemia, grip strength, locomotor activity tests were performed in the surgically operated animals. After behavioral tests, animals were immediately sacrificed. Infarct volumes followed by the estimation of markers of oxidative stress in the brains were measured.
Locomotor activity and grip strength of animals were improved in both aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts pretreated rats. Infarct volume was also reduced in both extracts pretreated rats as compared with MCAO rats. An elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and a reduction in glutathione and antioxidant enzymes, viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels were observed following MCAO. Pretreatment of Nigella sativa extracts showed the reduction in TBARS, elevation in glutathione, SOD and catalase levels as compared with MCAO rats.
The present study observed the neuroprotective effects of both the extracts of Nigella sativa in cerebral ischemia. The neuroprotective effects could be due to its antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory properties.
给予黑种草的水提取物和水醇提取物（400毫克/千克，口服），持续7天，并评估其对大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）大鼠的神经保护作用。
通过大脑中动脉闭塞2小时，随后再灌注22小时来诱导脑缺血。缺血24小时后，对手术操作的动物进行握力和运动活动测试。行为测试后，立即处死动物。测量梗死体积，并估计大脑中氧化应激标志物。
水提取物和水醇提取物预处理的大鼠，其运动活动和握力均得到改善。与MCAO大鼠相比，两种提取物预处理的大鼠梗死体积也减小。MCAO后观察到硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）升高，谷胱甘肽及抗氧化酶，即超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶水平降低。与MCAO大鼠相比，黑种草提取物预处理显示TBARS降低，谷胱甘肽、SOD和过氧化氢酶水平升高。
本研究观察到黑种草的两种提取物在脑缺血中具有神经保护作用。这种神经保护作用可能归因于其抗氧化、自由基清除和抗炎特性。
