Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology-KIST, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2012 Apr;166(7):1843-55. doi: 10.1007/s12010-012-9602-2. Epub 2012 Feb 28.
Fucoxanthin, one of the main marine carotenoids, is abundant in macro- and microalgae. Here, fucoxanthin was isolated and structurally identified as the major carotenoid in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum through chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, such as liquid chromatography-positive-ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. This pigment was quantified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and a number of extraction procedures were assessed to investigate the effect of solvent type, extraction time, temperature, and extraction method (maceration, ultrasound-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extraction, and pressurized liquid extraction). Among the investigated solvents, ethanol provided the best fucoxanthin extraction yield (15.71 mg/g freeze-dried sample weight). Fucoxanthin content in the extracts produced by the different methods was quite constant (15.42-16.51 mg/g freeze-dried sample weight) but increased steeply based on the percentage of ethanol in water, emphasizing the importance of ethanol in the extraction. The results indicate that P. tricornutum is a rich source of fucoxanthin (at least ten times more abundant than that in macroalgae) that is easily extracted with ethanol, suggesting potential applications in human and animal food, health, and cosmetics.
岩藻黄质是一种主要的海洋类胡萝卜素，广泛存在于大型和微型藻类中。本研究采用色谱和光谱方法（如高效液相色谱-正离子大气压化学电离/质谱和核磁共振），从菱形藻中分离并鉴定出岩藻黄质作为其主要类胡萝卜素。通过反相高效液相色谱定量分析该色素，并评估了多种提取程序，以研究溶剂类型、提取时间、温度和提取方法（浸泡、超声辅助提取、索氏提取和加压液体提取）对其的影响。在所研究的溶剂中，乙醇提供了最佳的岩藻黄质提取率（15.71 mg/g 冻干样品重量）。不同方法提取的岩藻黄质含量相当稳定（15.42-16.51 mg/g 冻干样品重量），但随着水乙醇百分比的增加而急剧增加，这强调了乙醇在提取中的重要性。研究结果表明，菱形藻是岩藻黄质的丰富来源（至少比大型藻类中的岩藻黄质丰富十倍），且易于用乙醇提取，这表明其在人类和动物食品、健康和化妆品方面具有潜在应用价值。
