Nonzee Vimonpun, Manopatanakul Somchai, Khovidhunkit Siribang-On Piboonniyom
Dental Unit, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Med Assoc Thai. 2012 Jan;95(1):96-104.
Oral dryness can contribute to several diseases in the oral cavity. The objective of the present study was to compare the subjective oral dryness, salivary flow rates, the number of oral microbiota, and the dental status between medicated hypertensive patients and control subjects.
Four hundred subjects including 200 ambulatory hypertensive patients who were taking antihypertensive medications and 200 control subjects were included. Each subject's medical history was reviewed. The subject's oral health status, salivary flow rate, and the number of oral microbiota were also evaluated.
The prevalence rate of xerostomia in the medicated hypertensive group was 50% whereas only 25.5% of the control group had xerostomia (p < 0.05). Using modified Schirmer test (MST), the mean unstimulated salivary flow rate of the medicated hypertensive group (23.11 +/- 6.08 mm/3 min) was significantly lower than that of the control group (31.30 +/- 3.36 mm/3 min) (p < 0.05). In addition, the mean stimulated salivary flow rate of the medicated hypertensive group (0.73 +/- 0.30 ml/min) was also significantly lower than that of the control group (1.31 +/- 0.34 mi/min) (p < 0.05). The strongest associated factor for dry mouth was the use of antihypertensive medications (OR = 6.28). The mean levels of mutans streptococci, Lactobacilli spp. and Candida spp. in the medicated hypertensive group were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, medicated hypertensive patients were more likely to have missing teeth compared to control subjects.
Xerostomia, hyposalivation, and increasing number of oral microbiota were more prevalent in hypertensive patients taking antihypertensive medications.
口腔干燥可引发多种口腔疾病。本研究旨在比较服用降压药的高血压患者与对照组在主观口腔干燥、唾液流速、口腔微生物数量及牙齿状况方面的差异。
纳入400名受试者，其中包括200名正在服用降压药的门诊高血压患者和200名对照组受试者。回顾每位受试者的病史。还对受试者的口腔健康状况、唾液流速及口腔微生物数量进行了评估。
服用降压药的高血压组口干症患病率为50%，而对照组仅为25.5%（p<0.05）。使用改良的舍格伦试验（MST），服用降压药的高血压组平均非刺激性唾液流速（23.11±6.08mm/3分钟）显著低于对照组（31.30±3.36mm/3分钟）（p<0.05）。此外，服用降压药的高血压组平均刺激性唾液流速（0.73±0.30ml/分钟）也显著低于对照组（1.31±0.34ml/分钟）（p<0.05）。口干的最强相关因素是服用降压药（比值比=6.28）。服用降压药的高血压组变形链球菌、乳酸杆菌属和念珠菌属的平均水平显著高于对照组（p<0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，服用降压药的高血压患者牙齿缺失的可能性更大。
服用降压药的高血压患者中，口干症、唾液分泌减少及口腔微生物数量增加更为普遍。
