Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2012;135(1):15-25. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.93419.
Stem cell therapy hold the potential to meet the demand for transplant cells/tissues needed for treating damages resulting from both natural and man-made disasters. Pluripotency makes embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells ideal for use, but their teratogenic character is a major hindrance. Therapeutic benefits of bone marrow transplantation are well known but characterizing the potentialities of haematopoietic and mesenchymal cells is essential. Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been used for treating both haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic disorders. Ease of isolation, in vitro expansion, and hypoimmunogenecity have brought mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into limelight. Though differentiation of MSCs into tissue-specific cells has been reported, differentiation-independent mechanisms seem to play a more significant role in tissue repair which need to be addressed further. The safety and feasibility of MSCs have been demonstrated in clinical trials, and their use in combination with HSC for radiation injury treatment seems to have extended benefit. Therefore, using stem cells for treatment of disaster injuries along with the conventional medical practice would likely accelerate the repair process and improve the quality of life of the victim.
干细胞疗法有可能满足治疗自然灾害和人为灾害造成的损伤所需的移植细胞/组织的需求。多能性使胚胎干细胞和诱导多能干细胞成为理想的用途，但它们的致畸性是一个主要的障碍。骨髓移植的治疗益处是众所周知的，但表征造血和间充质细胞的潜能是至关重要的。造血干细胞（HSCs）已被用于治疗造血和非造血疾病。易于分离、体外扩增和低免疫原性使间充质干细胞（MSCs）成为焦点。虽然已经报道了 MSCs 分化为组织特异性细胞，但分化非依赖性机制似乎在组织修复中发挥更重要的作用，这需要进一步解决。MSCs 的安全性和可行性已在临床试验中得到证实，它们与 HSC 联合用于辐射损伤治疗似乎具有扩展的益处。因此，在常规医疗实践的基础上，使用干细胞治疗灾害损伤可能会加速修复过程并提高受害者的生活质量。
