Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Addiction. 2012 Sep;107(9):1696-704. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03871.x. Epub 2012 May 8.
To investigate the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors on smoking trajectory membership and to test whether individual smoking trajectories represent phenotypical thresholds of increasing genetic risk along a common genetic liability dimension.
Prospective study of a birth cohort of female like-sex twin pairs.
Participants completed diagnostic interview surveys four times from adolescence (average age 16) to young adulthood (average age 25).
Female twins who had smoked ≥100 cigarettes life-time (n = 1466 regular smokers).
Number of cigarettes smoked per day during the heaviest period of smoking (two waves) or during the past 12 months (two waves).
A four-trajectory class solution provided the best fit to cigarette consumption data and was characterized by low (n = 564, 38.47%), moderate (n = 366, 24.97%) and high-level smokers (n = 197, 13.44%), and smokers who increased their smoking from adolescence to young adulthood (n =339, 23.12%). The best genetic model fit was a three-category model that comprised the low, a combined increasing + moderate and high trajectories. This trajectory categorization was heritable (72.7%), with no evidence for significant contribution from shared environmental factors.
The way in which smoking patterns develop in adolescence has a high level of heritability.
探究遗传和环境因素对吸烟轨迹分类的相对贡献，并检验个体吸烟轨迹是否代表沿着共同遗传易感性维度增加遗传风险的表型阈值。
对女性同性别双胞胎队列的前瞻性研究。
参与者在青春期（平均年龄 16 岁）到成年早期（平均年龄 25 岁）期间完成了四次诊断性访谈调查。
吸烟≥100 支香烟的女性双胞胎（习惯性吸烟者 n=1466）。
两次吸烟高峰期（两次）或过去 12 个月内（两次）每天吸烟的支数。
四轨迹分类解决方案为吸烟消费数据提供了最佳拟合，其特征为低（n=564，38.47%）、中（n=366，24.97%）和高（n=197，13.44%）吸烟水平，以及从青春期到成年早期吸烟量增加的吸烟者（n=339，23.12%）。最佳遗传模型拟合是一个三分类模型，包括低、增加+中、高轨迹。这种轨迹分类具有遗传性（72.7%），没有证据表明共享环境因素有显著贡献。
青少年时期吸烟模式的发展具有高度遗传性。
