Harmouch A, Taleb M, Lasseini A, Maher M, Sefiani S
Department of Pathology, Hospital of Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, Mohamed V University Souissi, Rabat, Morocco.
Neurochirurgie. 2012 Feb;58(1):14-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2012.01.005. Epub 2012 Mar 3.
There are several reports regarding the epidemiology of pediatric brain tumors. However, little is known about the profile of pediatric brain tumors in Africa especially in Morocco in particular. The authors report the results of epidemiological analysis of a retrospective review of childhood primary brain tumors in a single institution.
A retrospective review of all cases of primary brain from 1 month to 15 years diagnosed at the Department of Pathology of the Hospital of Specialities of Rabat between January 1991 and December 2009 was performed.
Six hundred and thirty-three primary tumors of the central nervous system were reviewed with a mean of 33.31 cases per year. According to the gender, 55% of the tumors occurred in males and 45% in females. The mean age was 8.36 years. Of all the tumors, 47% were situated in the supratentorial compartment, 48% in the infratentorial compartment, and 5% in spinal cord. In the infratentorial compartment, 82% of tumors are located in the cerebellum, 15% in the fourth ventricle, 2% in the brain stem and 1% in the cerebellar pontine angle. In the supratentorial compartment, two third of the tumors were located in the cerebral hemispheres and the sellar region. Thus 39% of tumors are located in the cerebral hemispheres followed by the sellar/suprasellar region (30%), lateral and third ventricles (11%), pineal region (8%), meninges (5%), choroid plexus (4%), and optic chiasma/tracts (3%). The most common types of tumors diagnosed were pilocytic astrocytoma and medulloblastoma together accounting for nearly half of the cases (46%) (23.1% and 22.9% respectively), followed by craniopharyngiomas (9%), ependymomas grade II (6.5%), glioblastomas (6%), astrocytomas grade II (4.4%), ependymomas grade III (3.9%). The other tumors represent 22.6%.
We think that our results reflect fairly well the incidence of tumors of the nervous system in children due to the fact that this study was performed through many years in a single institution with a homogeneous neuropathological approach.
已有多篇关于儿童脑肿瘤流行病学的报道。然而，对于非洲尤其是摩洛哥的儿童脑肿瘤情况却知之甚少。作者报告了对一家机构中儿童原发性脑肿瘤进行回顾性研究的流行病学分析结果。
对1991年1月至2009年12月期间在拉巴特专科医院病理科诊断的所有1个月至15岁原发性脑肿瘤病例进行回顾性研究。
共回顾了633例中枢神经系统原发性肿瘤，平均每年33.31例。按性别划分，55%的肿瘤发生在男性，45%发生在女性。平均年龄为8.36岁。在所有肿瘤中，47%位于幕上腔，48%位于幕下腔，5%位于脊髓。在幕下腔，82%的肿瘤位于小脑，15%位于第四脑室，2%位于脑干，1%位于小脑桥脑角。在幕上腔，三分之二的肿瘤位于大脑半球和鞍区。因此，39%的肿瘤位于大脑半球，其次是鞍区/鞍上区（30%）、侧脑室和第三脑室（11%）、松果体区（8%）、脑膜（5%）、脉络丛（4%）和视交叉/视束（3%）。诊断出的最常见肿瘤类型是毛细胞型星形细胞瘤和髓母细胞瘤，共占近一半病例（46%）（分别为23.1%和22.9%），其次是颅咽管瘤（9%）、II级室管膜瘤（6.5%）、胶质母细胞瘤（6%）、II级星形细胞瘤（4.4%）、III级室管膜瘤（3.9%）。其他肿瘤占22.6%。
我们认为我们的结果相当好地反映了儿童神经系统肿瘤的发病率，因为这项研究是在一家机构中经过多年采用统一的神经病理学方法进行的。
