K.U. Leuven, Institute for Media Studies, Parkstraat 45, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Soc Sci Med. 2012 Apr;74(8):1274-81. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.045. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
Media tend to reinforce the stigmatization of dementia as one of the most dreaded diseases in western society, which may have repercussions on the quality of life of those with the illness. The persons with dementia, but also those around them become imbued with the idea that life comes to an end as soon as the diagnosis is pronounced. The aim of this paper is to understand the dominant images related to dementia by means of an inductive framing analysis. The sample is composed of newspaper articles from six Belgian newspapers (2008-2010) and a convenience sample of popular images of the condition in movies, documentaries, literature and health care communications. The results demonstrate that the most dominant frame postulates that a human being is composed of two distinct parts: a material body and an immaterial mind. If this frame is used, the person with dementia ends up with no identity, which is in opposition to the Western ideals of personal self-fulfilment and individualism. For each dominant frame an alternative counter-frame is defined. It is concluded that the relative absence of counter-frames confirms the negative image of dementia. The inventory might be a help for caregivers and other professionals who want to evaluate their communication strategy. It is discussed that a more resolute use of counter-frames in communication about dementia might mitigate the stigma that surrounds dementia.
媒体往往强化了痴呆症在西方社会最可怕疾病之一的污名化,这可能对患者的生活质量产生影响。痴呆症患者,甚至是他们周围的人,都认为一旦被诊断出这种疾病,生命就结束了。本文旨在通过归纳框架分析来理解与痴呆症相关的主导形象。样本由六家比利时报纸(2008-2010 年)的新闻文章和电影、纪录片、文学和医疗保健传播中该疾病的流行形象的方便样本组成。结果表明,最主要的框架假设人由两个不同的部分组成:物质身体和非物质的思想。如果使用这个框架,痴呆症患者最终就没有了身份,这与西方个人自我实现和个人主义的理想相悖。对于每个主导框架,都定义了一个替代的反框架。结论是,反框架的相对缺乏证实了痴呆症的负面形象。该清单可以帮助护理人员和其他专业人员评估他们的沟通策略。有人讨论说,在关于痴呆症的沟通中更坚决地使用反框架,可能会减轻围绕痴呆症的污名。
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