Cancer Prevention & Control, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Oct;14(10):1197-204. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nts015. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
Rates of quitting smoking remain stagnant, and thus it is becoming increasingly important to identify determinants of successful quitting behavior. The primary purpose of the current study was to examine predictors of quit attempts and 7-day point prevalence abstinence in a large nationally based sample. The study population consisted exclusively of smokers with minimal interest in quitting in the immediate future, for whom the need to identify facilitating factors of cessation is highly significant.
Participants consisted of 849 smokers participating in a nationwide population-based randomized controlled trial (RCT) to promote quit attempts and cessation; all participants were not currently interested in cessation.
After adjusting for treatment group, and using a multivariate logistic approach, a combination of motivational and self-efficacy variables consistently predicted quit attempts, regardless of how quit attempts were defined (i.e., any self-defined vs. 24 hr). Additionally, a greater number of previous quit attempts significantly predicted making future quit attempts. In terms of achieving short-term abstinence, regardless of whether analyses were restricted to individuals who made prior quit attempts or not, self-efficacy emerged as the only significant consistent predictor.
Unlike previous studies, we did not find strong evidence suggesting unique predictors for making a quit attempt compared with achieving abstinence. Our findings demonstrate that even among smokers not currently interested in quitting, self-efficacy and motivation are key factors in the cessation process. Overall, the findings have important implications, as they highlight factors to target for future treatment.
戒烟率仍然停滞不前，因此识别成功戒烟行为的决定因素变得越来越重要。本研究的主要目的是在一个大型的全国性样本中研究戒烟尝试和 7 天点 prevalence 禁欲的预测因素。研究人群仅由对近期戒烟兴趣不大的吸烟者组成，对他们来说，确定戒烟促进因素的需求非常重要。
参与者由 849 名吸烟者组成，他们参加了一项全国范围内的基于人群的随机对照试验（RCT），以促进戒烟尝试和戒烟；所有参与者目前都对戒烟不感兴趣。
在调整了治疗组后，使用多变量逻辑方法，无论如何定义戒烟尝试（即任何自我定义的 vs. 24 小时），动机和自我效能变量的组合都能一致预测戒烟尝试。此外，更多的先前戒烟尝试显著预测未来的戒烟尝试。就实现短期禁欲而言，无论分析是否仅限于有过戒烟尝试的个体，自我效能都是唯一显著的一致预测因素。
与之前的研究不同，我们没有发现强有力的证据表明与实现禁欲相比，戒烟尝试有独特的预测因素。我们的研究结果表明，即使在目前不打算戒烟的吸烟者中，自我效能和动机也是戒烟过程中的关键因素。总的来说，这些发现具有重要意义，因为它们突出了未来治疗的目标因素。
