Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA.
Gerontologist. 2012 Oct;52(5):597-606. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnr157. Epub 2012 Mar 6.
A gap between research and practice in many nursing home (NH) care areas persists despite efforts by researchers, policy makers, advocacy groups, and NHs themselves to close it. The reasons are many, but two factors that have received scant attention are the dissemination process itself and the work of the disseminators or change agents. This review article examines these two elements through the conceptual lens of Roger's innovation dissemination model.
The application of general principles of innovation dissemination suggests that NHs are characteristically slow to innovate and thus may need more time as well as more contact with outside change agents to adopt improved practices.
A review of the translation strategies used by NH change agents to promote adoption of evidence-based practice in NHs suggests that their strategies inconsistently reflect lessons learned from the broader dissemination literature.
NH-related research, policy, and practice recommendations for improving dissemination strategies are presented. If we can make better use of the resources currently devoted to disseminating best practices to NHs, we may be able to speed NHs' adoption of these practices.
尽管研究人员、政策制定者、倡导团体和养老院本身都在努力缩小差距，但在许多养老院（NH）护理领域，研究与实践之间仍存在差距。原因有很多，但有两个因素很少受到关注，即传播过程本身和传播者或变革推动者的工作。本文通过罗格创新传播模型的概念视角来审视这两个要素。
创新传播的一般原则的应用表明，NH 创新速度较慢，因此可能需要更多的时间以及与外部变革推动者更多的接触，才能采用改进的实践。
对 NH 变革推动者在促进 NH 中采用循证实践方面所使用的翻译策略进行审查后发现，他们的策略并没有始终如一地反映从更广泛的传播文献中吸取的经验教训。
提出了与 NH 相关的研究、政策和实践建议，以改善传播策略。如果我们能够更好地利用目前用于向 NH 传播最佳实践的资源，我们或许能够加快 NH 对这些实践的采用。
