Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Ministero per i Beni e Attività Culturali, viale Filippo Strozzi 1, 50129, Florence, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2012 Apr 15;423:132-41. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.02.012. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
In this study, some mixtures of consolidants or water-repellent products and biocides developed to prevent biological growth, were tested over time on three stone substrates with different bioreceptivity. The performance of both traditional (tetraethylorthosilicate, methylethoxy polysiloxane, Paraloid B72, tributyltin oxide, dibutyltin dilaurate) and innovative compounds (copper nanoparticles) was assessed using colour measurements, the water absorption by contact sponge method, and observation under stereo and optical microscopes. The application of the mixtures had also the purpose of controlling re-colonization on stone after a conservation treatment. The study site was the archaeological Area of Fiesole; the mixtures were applied in situ to sandstone, marble and plaster which had been cleaned beforehand. An innovative aspect of the study is that, by using non-invasive methods, it also permitted monitoring the mixtures' effectiveness in preventing biological growth. The monitoring results made it possible to assess the bioreceptivity of the treated stones (sandstone, marble, plaster) over a period of almost three years. The results showed that the mixtures of consolidants or water-repellent products with biocides were effective in preventing biological growth on both a substrate with low bioreceptivity like plaster and a substrate with high bioreceptivity such as marble. The innovative mixture of nano-Cu particles with a water-repellent yielded good results in terms of preventing biological colonization. Moreover, they apparently did not affect the substrates' colour. Mixtures of nano-Cu particles with a consolidant and a water-repellent hold great promise for preventing re-colonization of stone after conservation treatment.
本研究针对三种具有不同生物亲和力的石材基底，测试了一些旨在防止生物生长的加固剂或憎水剂混合物与杀生物剂的混合物，以评估其性能。使用颜色测量、接触海绵法吸水率以及立体和光学显微镜观察来评估传统（正硅酸乙酯、甲基乙氧基硅烷、聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺 B72、氧化三丁锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡）和创新化合物（铜纳米粒子）的性能。混合物的应用还有控制石材在保护处理后重新生物污染的目的。研究地点是菲耶索莱考古区，在这些地点将混合物应用于先前已清洁过的砂岩、大理石和灰泥。本研究的一个创新方面是，通过使用非侵入性方法，还可以监测混合物防止生物生长的有效性。监测结果使得评估处理过的石材（砂岩、大理石、灰泥）的生物亲和力成为可能，这一过程持续了近三年。结果表明，对于低生物亲和力的基底（如灰泥）和高生物亲和力的基底（如大理石），加固剂或憎水剂混合物与杀生物剂的混合物都能有效防止生物生长。纳米铜粒子与疏水剂的创新混合物在防止生物定殖方面取得了良好的效果。此外，它们显然没有影响基底的颜色。纳米铜粒子与加固剂和疏水剂的混合物在防止保护处理后石材重新生物污染方面具有广阔的前景。
