Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2 C, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
J Appl Toxicol. 2013 Aug;33(8):784-98. doi: 10.1002/jat.2734. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
Ethanol (Et) abusers may also be exposed to excessive amounts of cadmium (Cd). Thus, the study was aimed at estimating the influence of Et on the body turnover of Cd in a rat model reflecting excessive alcohol consumption in humans chronically exposed to moderate and relatively high levels of this metal. For this purpose, Cd apparent absorption, retention in the body and concentration in the blood, stomach, duodenum, liver, kidney, spleen, brain, heart, testis and femur as well as its fecal and urinary excretion in the rats exposed to 5 and 50mg Cd l(-1) (in drinking water; for 16 weeks from the fifth week of the animal's life) and/or Et (5 g kg(-1) b.w. per 24 h, by oral gavage; for 12 weeks from the ninth week of life) were estimated. Moreover, the duodenal, liver and kidney pool of the nonmetallothionein (Mt)-bound Cd was evaluated. The administration of Et during the exposure to 5 or 50mg Cd l(-1) increased Cd accumulation in the gastrointestinal tract and its urinary excretion, and decreased Cd concentration in the blood, femur and numerous soft tissues (including liver and kidney) as well as the total pool of this metal in internal organs. Et modified or not the pool of the non-Mt-bound Cd, depending on the level of treatment with this metal. The results show that excessive Et consumption during Cd exposure may decrease the body burden of this metal, at least partly, by its lower absorption and increased urinary excretion. Based on this study, it can be concluded that Cd concentration in the blood and tissues of alcohol abusers chronically exposed to moderate and relatively high levels of this metal may be lower, whereas its urinary excretion is higher than in their nondrinking counterparts. However, since Et is toxic itself, the decreased body burden of Cd owing to alcohol consumption does not allow for the conclusion that the risk of health damage may be lower at co-exposure to these xenobiotics. In a further study, it will be investigated how the Et-induced changes in the body status of Cd influence the effects of its toxic action.
乙醇（Et）滥用者也可能接触到过量的镉（Cd）。因此，本研究旨在评估 Et 对反映人体慢性暴露于中高浓度 Cd 时过量饮酒的大鼠模型中 Cd 体内周转率的影响。为此，评估了暴露于 5 和 50mg Cd l(-1)（饮用水；从动物生命的第五周开始持续 16 周）和/或 Et（5 g kg(-1) b.w. per 24 h，口服灌胃；从第九周开始持续 12 周）的大鼠中 Cd 的表观吸收、体内保留和血液、胃、十二指肠、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、大脑、心脏、睾丸和股骨中的浓度，以及其粪便和尿液排泄。此外，还评估了非金属硫蛋白（Mt）结合的 Cd 的十二指肠、肝脏和肾脏池。在暴露于 5 或 50mg Cd l(-1)的同时给予 Et 增加了胃肠道中的 Cd 蓄积及其尿液排泄，并降低了血液、股骨和许多软组织（包括肝脏和肾脏）以及该金属在内部器官中的总池的 Cd 浓度。Et 修饰或不修饰非-Mt 结合的 Cd 池，这取决于用这种金属处理的水平。结果表明，在暴露于 Cd 期间过度消耗 Et 可能会通过降低其吸收和增加尿液排泄来降低体内的这种金属负担，至少部分如此。基于这项研究，可以得出结论，慢性暴露于中高浓度 Cd 的酗酒者的血液和组织中的 Cd 浓度可能较低，而其尿液排泄量较高。然而，由于 Et 本身有毒，由于饮酒导致体内 Cd 负担减轻并不意味着在同时接触这些外来化合物时，健康损害的风险可能较低。在进一步的研究中，将研究 Et 引起的 Cd 体内状态变化如何影响其毒性作用的影响。
