Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar-160 062, Punjab, India.
Biotechnol Adv. 2012 Nov-Dec;30(6):1425-31. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.001. Epub 2012 Mar 14.
Shikimic acid is a key intermediate for the synthesis of the antiviral drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu®). Shikimic acid can be produced via chemical synthesis, microbial fermentation and extraction from certain plants. An alternative production route is via biotransformation of the more readily available quinic acid. Much of the current supply of shikimic acid is sourced from the seeds of Chinese star anise (Illicium verum). Supply from star anise seeds has experienced difficulties and is susceptible to vagaries of weather. Star anise tree takes around six-years from planting to bear fruit, but remains productive for long. Extraction and purification from seeds are expensive. Production via fermentation is increasing. Other production methods are too expensive, or insufficiently developed. In the future, production in recombinant microorganisms via fermentation may become established as the preferred route. Methods for producing shikimic acid are reviewed.
莽草酸是合成抗病毒药物奥司他韦（达菲）的关键中间体。莽草酸可以通过化学合成、微生物发酵和从某些植物中提取来生产。另一种生产途径是通过更易获得的奎尼酸的生物转化。目前，莽草酸的大部分供应都来自中国八角茴香（八角）的种子。八角茴香种子的供应存在困难，容易受到天气变化的影响。八角树从种植到结果需要大约六年的时间，但产量很高。从种子中提取和纯化的成本很高。通过发酵生产正在增加。其他生产方法成本过高或不够成熟。未来，通过发酵在重组微生物中生产可能成为首选途径。综述了生产莽草酸的方法。
